Browsing by Author "Amanquah, S.D."
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Item Adipocytokines in obese Ghanaian subjects with or without type 2 diabetes(BMC Research Notes, 2018-02) Adams, Y.; Ofori, E.K.; Asare-Anane, H.; Amanquah, S.D.; Ababio, G.K.; Abendau, E.; Nabia, R.Objective This study aimed to evaluate serum leptin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations in obese Ghanaians with or without type 2 diabetes and to find out the extent to which their levels are influenced by underlying disorders. Results Obese subjects with type 2 diabetes had lower leptin but higher hsCRP levels compared with obese non-diabetic controls. There were negative correlations within the control group for glucose vs % muscle mass (r = − 0.378, p = 0.016), leptin vs % muscle mass (r = − 0.555, p = 0.001) and within the obese diabetic group for leptin vs % muscle mass (r = − 0.602, p = 0.001). Obese persons without diabetes were about three times more likely to have higher leptin levels compared with their obese diabetic counterparts (Odds ratio = 3.315, p < 0.001). Obese females independently had a tenfold increase in leptin levels compared with obese males.Item Fecal pancreatic elastase-1 in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis in patients attending a tertiary referral hospital in Ghana(Gastroenterology International, 2002-03) Nkrumah, K.N.; Rana, S.V.; Amanquah, S.D.Fecal pancreatic elastase-1 assays were performed in 56 patients attending medical and gastroenterology clinics with complaints of chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pains. Some of the patients already had confirmed diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. The levels showed good correlation with these findings; they also enabled a firm diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis to be made in several cases.Item Impact of blood perilipin A levels on obesity and metabolic health(. BMC Research Notes, 2022) Ofori, E.K.; Letsu, B.S.; Amponsah, S.K.; Ahenkorah, J.; Crabbe, S.; Kwao‑Zigah, G.; Oppong, S.Y.; Diaba‑Nuhoho, P.; Amanquah, S.D.Objective: Perilipin A is a common protein that coats lipid surfaces preventing them from being exposed to oxida‑ tive damage. Researchers have found little consistency in the relationship between perilipin A levels in the blood and body fat. This study was a cross-sectional observational that looked at circulating perilipin A levels and how they relate to metabolic health. Results: The participants in this study were 86 individuals with a mean age of 45.5±1.2 years. Multiple clinical and metabolic indicators (age, weight, BMI, total body fat mass, triglyceride, and HOMA-IR) were shown to be inversely associated with perilipin A levels (rho=− 0.32, − 0.37, − 0.40, − 0.45, − 0.33 and − 0.29; p<0.05 respectively). Obese persons were almost six times more likely than non-obese individuals to have lower perilipin A levels (odds ratio=6.22, CI=2.35–11.50, p<0.001). Our fndings underscore the important role of perilipin A proteins in metabolic health. KeywordItem The Journal of the Ghana Science Association(GSA, 2011) Ababio, G.K.; Odonkor, S.; Anim, A.K.; Amanquah, S.D.Item Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ghana(University of Ghana, 2013-07) Ngissah, P.; Asare-Anane, H.; Amanquah, S.D.; University of Ghana, College of Health Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, Department of PathologyAn imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant scavenging has been implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reports indicate that several complications of diabetes mellitus result from increased activity of free radicals and accumulation of lipid peroxidation products leading to oxidative stress. The study was aimed at evaluating lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status along with lipid profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and age- matched healthy subjects. One hundred subjects of type 2 diabetes mellitus without any complications (mean age; 50.25± 5.57 years) and one hundred healthy subjects (mean age; 48.35 ± 6.26 years) were included in this study. Body Mass Index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood sample was collected for the analysis of fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum malondialdehyde, and activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and serum lipid profile in both the groups. Compared with control subjects, diabetic subjects had significantly higher Total cholesterol (6.76±1.11 vs 0.94±0.23 mmol/L), triglyceride (1.29±0.34 vs 0.94±0.23 mmol/L), LDL-cholesterol (3.96 ± 1.47 vs 1.46±0.69 mmol/L), serum malondialdehyde significantly increased (4.40±1.96 vs 2.75±1.05 μM) whereas, HDL- cholesterol (1.74±0.46 vs1.46±0.69 mmol/L), and activities of superoxide dismutase (3.80± 1.64 vs 10.39±2.55 U/Ml) and Glutathione peroxidase (129.96±16.75 U/L) were significantly reduced in DM type-2 patients as compared to controls (p ˂ 0.05). BMI was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic subjects compared to healthy control subjects (p ˂ 0.05). Oxidative stress is raised in type 2 DM patients. The risk factors in the development of complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus include increased oxidative stress, deranged lipid profile and decreased antioxidant status of patients. Future studies need to focus on gathering large sample sizes to clarify the relationship between antioxidants depletion and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Item Serum leptin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertensive heart disease: An observational cross‐sectional study(Health Science Reports, 2023) Ofori, E.K.; Adekena, C.N.; Boima, V.; Asare‐Anane, H.; Yorke, E.; Nyarko, E.N.Y.; Mohammed, B.N.; Quansah, E.; Jayasinghe, S.U.; Amanquah, S.D.Background and Aim: Adipocytes secrete a peptide hormone called leptin, which plays a crucial role in controlling appetite and energy expenditure. Alterations in leptin concentrations are associated with CKD‐related cardiovascular problems such as hypertensive heart disease (HHD). Despite the link, data on the precise function of leptin in people with CKD and HHD is scant. Methods: An observational cross‐sectional study involving a total of 108 participants (72 CKD patients with HHD and 36 healthy controls). Their demographic and anthropometric information was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Certain clinical measures such as blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for levels of plasma glucose (FPG), lipids, creatinine, and leptin. Data were analyzed with SPSS v23. Results: Leptin, FPG, creatinine and triglyceride levels were all significantly higher in CKD patients with HHD compared to controls (p < 0.01 for all). Furthermore, advanced CKD status (being in stage 5), having a 6‐year diagnosis of HHD, being female, having a higher BMI, and elevation in levels of HDL and FPG contributed significantly to the variance in serum leptin levels in the case group (β = 0.37, 0.22, 0.19, 0.18, 0.27, 0.28; p < 0.05 for all). In the control group, the female gender had the biggest unique effect on circulating leptin levels, followed by BMI and eGFR (β = 0.71, 0.34, −0.22; p < 0.01 for all). Conclusion: Patients with CKD who also had HHD reported considerably higher circulating leptin levels. Significantly higher blood leptin levels were shown to be associated with CKD stage 5 in the case group. These results are consistent with the role of leptin in the metabolic complexity seen in CKD patients. There needs to be more research into treatments that aim to lower leptin levels in CKD patients with HHD.Item Shift work and the risk of cardiovascular disease among workers in cocoa processing company, Tema(BioMed Central Ltd., 2015) Asare-Anane, H.; Abdul-Latif, A.; Ofori, E.K.; Abdul-Rahman, M.; Amanquah, S.D.Objective: Shift work has been implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD), a major cause of death globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of developing CVD in shift work. Design: A cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of shift and non-shift work from an industry in Ghana. Participants: Two hundred (113 shift and 87 non-shift) consecutive workers who consented were recruited into the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to deduce information on participant's age, alcohol consumption pattern, smoking habits, history of diabetes, stroke and hypertension. Results: Shift workers were found to be associated with higher body mass index (26.9 ± 4.6 vs 25.2 ± 3.3, p = 0.013); fasting blood glucose (5.9 ± 1.8 vs 5.3 ± 0.8, p ≤ 0.0001); glycated haemoglobin (4.9 ± 0.9 vs 4.2 ± 0.8, p ≤ 0.0001); high sensitivity C-reactive protein (2.5 ± 1.1 vs 1.8 ± 1.1, p < 0.0001); total cholesterol (5.9 ± 1.3 vs 5.2 ± 1.7, p = 0.002); triglycerides (1.3 ± 0.8 vs 1.1 ± 0.6, p = 0.015) and LDL cholesterol (3.6 ± 0.9 vs 3.2 ± 1.3, p = 0.04) than controls. Shift work however, had no associations with HDL-cholesterol. Conclusion: It can be concluded that shift work is associated with risk factors of CVD.Item Urinary Lysosomal Enzyme Activities and Albuminuria in Ghanaian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(Disease Markers, 2016-08) Asare-Anane, H.; Twum, F.; Kwaku Ofori, E.; Torgbor, E.L.; Amanquah, S.D.; Osafo, C.Renal tubular lysosomal enzyme activities like alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) and N-acetyl- β -D-glucosaminidase (NAG) have been shown to increase in patients developing diabetic nephropathy and nephrosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the activities of N-acetyl- β -D-glucosaminidase and alanine aminopeptidase and albumin concentration in urine samples of patients with type 2 diabetes. One hundred and thirty (65 type 2 diabetic and 65 nondiabetic) subjects participated in this study. Blood samples were drawn for measurements of fasting blood glucose, albumin (Alb), lipids, and creatinine (Cr). Early morning spot urine samples were also collected for activities of alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), N-acetyl- β -D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and concentration of albumin (U-Alb) and creatinine (U-Cr). Both NAG/Cr and AAP/Cr were significantly increased in diabetic subjects compared to controls (p < 0.001). There was positive correlation between NAG/Cr and Alb/Cr (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and between NAG/Cr and serum creatinine (r = 0.441, p < 0.001). A negative correlation was found between NAG/Cr and eGFR (r = - 0.432, p < 0.05). 9.3% and 12% of diabetics with normoalbuminuria had elevated levels of AAP/Cr and NAG/Cr, respectively. We conclude that measuring the urinary enzymes activities (NAG/Cr and AAP/Cr) could be useful as a biomarker of early renal involvement in diabetic complications. © 2016 Henry Asare-Anane et al.