Predictors of Dietary Diversity, Micronutrients Adequacy and Haemoglobin Concentration of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Maamobi General and Asesewa Government Hospitals

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dc.contributor.authorMumuni, K.S.
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-05T11:32:43Z
dc.date.available2021-05-05T11:32:43Z
dc.date.issued2018-07
dc.descriptionMPhil. Nutritionen_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: Consuming low diversity diets is considered as one of the major causes of micronutrient deficiencies in low and middle income countries like Ghana. Pregnant women are vulnerable to nutritional inadequacies due to increased metabolic demands including a growing placenta, foetus, and maternal tissues. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine predictors of dietary diversity, micronutrient adequacy and haemoglobin concentration among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Maamobi General and Asesewa Government Hospitals. Method: This study was cross-sectional study in which 200 pregnant women (mean gestational age = 26 weeks) attending antenatal clinics at Maamobi General and Asesewa Government Hospitals were enrolled. A Computer Assisted Processing Interview (CAPI) questionnaire was used to collect data on the women’s socio-economic and demographic characteristics. Data on dietary intakes were obtained using a single 24-hour recall. Women’s dietary diversity scores were calculated based 10 food groups. The mean probability of adequacy (MPA) for the 11 micronutrients were calculated for each individual based on the estimated average requirements (EARs) and the standard deviations associated with the EARs. The MPA for the participants was calculated by taking the average of the individual MPAs. Women’s anthropometric status was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement, and haemoglobin concentration was measured using the HemoCue 301 Photometer. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of dietary diversity, MPA and haemoglobin concentration. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) for age of the pregnant women was 27.8 ± 5.4 years with a mean gestational age of 25.7 ± 8.8 weeks. Mean ± SD for dietary diversity score of the pregnant women was 5.3 ± 1.6 and the percentage that met the minimum dietary diversity score for women (MDD-W ≥5) was 65.0%. Mean micronutrient intake of the pregnant women for each of the micronutrients was below the estimated average requirement (EAR) except for vitamin A and C. The probability of adequacy (PA) for each of the 11 selected micronutrients was below 50% except vitamin C which was 64%. Across all 11 micronutrients, the mean probability of adequacy for the study population was 22.4%. The mean ± SD haemoglobin concentration was 11.1 ± 1.4g/dL, and the prevalence of anaemia (Hb<11.0 g/dL) was 46%. Multiple regression analysis indicated that dietary diversity score was positively associated with wealth index (β = 0.83, p = 0.008) and negatively associate with renting of dwelling place (β = -0.65, p < 0.001) among the participants. The MPA was negatively associated with wealth index (β = -0.11, p < 0.001) whilst compared with farmers, the MPA was higher for artisans (β = 0.20, p = 0.013), traders (β = 0.19, p = 0.018), civil servants β = 0.31, p = 0.001) and unemployed β = 24, p = 0.006) in a multivariate analysis. Haemoglobin concentration was negatively associated with gestational age in weeks (β = -0.02, p = 0.020), rural residence (β = -0.47, p = 0.03) and positively associated with being employed (β = 0.56, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Maamobi General and Asesewa Government Hospitals, wealth index and renting the dwelling place significantly predicted mean dietary diversity.Wealth index and occupation significantly predicted MPA and gestational age in weeks, and being employed significantly predicted mean haemoglobin concentration. Interventions are needed to address the high prevalence of anaemia and low micronutrient intake.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/36315
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversity Of Ghanaen_US
dc.subjectDietaryen_US
dc.subjectMicronutrientsen_US
dc.subjectHaemoglobinen_US
dc.subjectPregnant Womenen_US
dc.subjectAntenatal Clinicen_US
dc.titlePredictors of Dietary Diversity, Micronutrients Adequacy and Haemoglobin Concentration of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Maamobi General and Asesewa Government Hospitalsen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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