Psychological Distress among Parents of Children with Hearing Loss

Abstract

Background: Hearing loss in children affects not only the child's development but also creates a significant emotional and psychological burden for parents. Research from high income countries has demonstrated elevated rates of stress, anxiety, and depression among parents of children with hearing loss (CWHL). However, there are limited empirical data from low- and middle-income countries such as Ghana. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of stress, depression, and anxiety among parents of children with hearing loss (CWHL) and explore the coping strategies they employ to manage these psychological challenges. Methodology: Data were collected using a quantitative cross-sectional survey involving 200 purposively selected parents of CWHL at the Hearing Assessment Center, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) in Accra, Ghana. A structured questionnaire was administered to obtain information on the participants’ demographic characteristics, psychological distress levels, and coping strategies. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Coping Strategies Inventory–Short Form (CSI-SF) were used to assess psychological distress and coping mechanisms. The data were quantitatively analyzed to determine the relationships between the study variables. Result: The study found a high level of psychological distress among parents of CWHL. In particular, 95%, 82 %, and 76% experienced stress, anxiety, and depression, respectively. Factors such as low education, unemployment, gender, and caring for younger children with multiple disabilities are associated with higher distress. Most parents used problem-focused coping strategies and demonstrated resilience despite limited support. However, emotional and financial pressures remain high. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for stronger psychosocial and counselling support for parents caring for CWHL in Ghana.