COVID-19
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All COVID-19 related research articles, book chapters and information is free to access and available for anyone to read.
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Item Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on children(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19 Update 4: United Nations Support to the Government of Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem Policy Brief: The World of Work and COVID-19(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19: Socio-Economic Impact in Ghana(United Nations report, 2020) United NationsItem United Nations Comprehensive Response to COVID-19(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19 and Human Rights(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem Policy Brief: COVID-19 and Transforming Tourism(2020) United NationsItem COVID-19 Update 5: United Nations Support to the Government of Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19: Socio-Economic Impact in Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on Older Persons(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19 Update 1: United Nations Support to the Government of Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem 2020 Human Development Perspectives Covid-19 and Human Development: Assessing the Crisis, Envisioning the Recovery(United Nations Development Programme, 2020) United Nations Development ProgrammeThe COVID-19 pandemic is unleashing a human development crisis. On some dimensions of human development, conditions today are equivalent to levels of deprivation last seen in the mid-1980s. But the crisis is hitting hard on all of human development’s constitutive elements: income (with the largest contraction in economic activity since the Great Depression), health (directly causing a death toll over 300,000 and indirectly leading potentially to an additional 6,000 child deaths every day from preventable causes over the next 6 months) and education (with effective out-of-school rates – meaning, accounting for the inability to access the internet – in primary education expected to drop to the levels of actual rates of the mid-1980s levels). This, not counting less visible indirect effects, including increased gender based violence, yet to be fully documented. The pandemic was superimposed on unresolved tensions between people and technology, between people and the planet, between the haves and the have-nots. These tensions were already shaping a new generation of inequalities— pertaining to enhanced capabilities, the new necessities of the 21st century, as defined in the 2019 Human Development Report. But the response to the crisis can shape how those tensions are addressed and whether inequalities in human development are reduced. This note takes a capabilities approach to document the severity of the unfolding human development crisis. Such an approach implies an evaluative framework to assess the crisis and shape the policy response that emphasizes the potential for people to be and do what they aspire in life as opposed to material resources or economic activity. To assess the crisis, the note draws from original simulations that are based on an adjusted Human Development Index— with the education dimension modified to reflect the effects of school closures and mitigation measures—and that incorporate current projections of gross national income (GNI) per capita for 2020. The simulations suggest conditions today would correspond to a steep and unprecedented decline in human development. With almost 9 in 10 students out of school and deep recessions in most economies (including a 4 percent drop in GNI per capita worldwide), the decline in the index –reflecting a narrowing in capabilities-- would be equivalent to erasing all the progress in human development of the past six years. Importantly, if conditions in school access are restored, capabilities related to education would immediately bounce back – while the income dimension would follow the path of the economic recovery post-crisis. The simulations also show the importance of promoting equity in capabilities. In a scenario with more equitable internet access—where each country closes the gap with the leaders in its human development category—the decline in human development would be more than halved. This would be eminently affordable. In 2018 it was estimated that $100 billion would be needed to close the gap in internet access in low- and middle-income countries—or about 1 percent of the extraordinary fiscal programmes announced around the world so far.Item COVID-19: Socio-Economic Impact in Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem Policy Brief: COVID-19 and the Need for Action on Mental Health(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19 Update 2: United Nations Support to the Government of Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem Policy Brief: Education During COVID-19 and Beyond(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem COVID-19 and Ending Violence Against Women and Girls(United Nations, 2020) United NationsItem Covid-19 and investment – an UNCTAD research round-up of the international pandemic’s effect on FDI flows and policy(United Nations, 2020) Zhan, J.The shuttering of commercial activity in the face of the Corona (Covid-19) pandemic will have a dramatic effect on the global economy. UNCTAD’s Division on Investment and Enterprise has been monitoring the impact on investment, as well as its implications for development.1 In the face of the unprecedented circumstances, this issue of the Transnational Corporations furnishes a brief overview of this work, notably from the perspective of foreign direct investment (FDI) and investment policy. UNCTAD’s World Investment Report (forthcoming, June 2020) will provide an expanded and in-depth analysis of FDI trends and investment policy developments that also accounts for the impact of the pandemicItem Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Trafficking in Persons(United Nations, 2020) United Nations Office on Drugs and CrimeItem COVID-19: Socio-Economic Impact in Ghana(United Nations, 2020) United Nations
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