Browsing by Author "Ababio, G.K."
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Item Adipocytokines in obese Ghanaian subjects with or without type 2 diabetes(BMC Research Notes, 2018-02) Adams, Y.; Ofori, E.K.; Asare-Anane, H.; Amanquah, S.D.; Ababio, G.K.; Abendau, E.; Nabia, R.Objective This study aimed to evaluate serum leptin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations in obese Ghanaians with or without type 2 diabetes and to find out the extent to which their levels are influenced by underlying disorders. Results Obese subjects with type 2 diabetes had lower leptin but higher hsCRP levels compared with obese non-diabetic controls. There were negative correlations within the control group for glucose vs % muscle mass (r = − 0.378, p = 0.016), leptin vs % muscle mass (r = − 0.555, p = 0.001) and within the obese diabetic group for leptin vs % muscle mass (r = − 0.602, p = 0.001). Obese persons without diabetes were about three times more likely to have higher leptin levels compared with their obese diabetic counterparts (Odds ratio = 3.315, p < 0.001). Obese females independently had a tenfold increase in leptin levels compared with obese males.Item Effects of factor v Leiden polymorphism on the pathogenesis and outcomes of preeclampsia(BMC Medical Genetics, 2019-11-27) Ababio, G.K.; Adu-Bonsaffoh, K.; Abindau, E.; Narh, G.; Tetteh, D.; Botchway, F.; Morvey, D.; Neequaye, J.; Quaye, I.K.Background: Factor V Leiden polymorphism is a well-recognized genetic factor in the etiology of preeclampsia. Considering that Ghana is recording high incidence of preeclampsia, we examined if factor V Leiden is a contributory factor to its development and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: STROBE consensus checklist was adopted to recruit eighty-one (81) consenting subjects after ethical clearance. Subjects were followed up till delivery to obtain outcomes of PE. Routine blood chemistry and proteinuria were done on all samples. Factor V Leiden was characterized by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The data was captured as protected health information (PHI) and analyzed with SPSS version 22. Results: Overall allelic frequencies found in FVL exon 10 were 0.67 and 0.33 for G and A alleles respectively. The FVL mutation was more in PE and hypertensive patients. Increased white blood cells, increased uric acid and a three – fold increment of AST / ALT ratio was observed in PE cases when stratified by FVL exons (exon 8 and 10). Significant differences were also observed between FVL and age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), liver enzymes, white blood cells (wbc), hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: FVL mutation allele frequency was 0.33, a first report. The mutation was associated with increased uric acid, liver enzymes and blood cell indices suggestive of acute inflammation.Item The Journal of the Ghana Science Association(GSA, 2011) Ababio, G.K.; Odonkor, S.; Anim, A.K.; Amanquah, S.D.Item Molecular evidence of high rates of asymptomatic P. vivax infection and very low P. falciparum malaria in Botswana(BioMed Central Ltd., 2016) Motshoge, T.; Ababio, G.K.; Aleksenko, L.; Read, J.; Peloewetse, E.; Loeto, M.; Mosweunyane, T.; Moakofhi, K.; Ntebele, D.S.; Chihanga, S.; Motlaleng, M.; Chinorumba, A.; Vurayai, M.; Pernica, J.M.; Paganotti, G.M.; Quaye, I.K.Background: Botswana is one of eight SADC countries targeting malaria elimination by 2018. Through spirited upscaling of control activities and passive surveillance, significant reductions in case incidence of Plasmodium falciparum (0.96 - 0.01) was achieved between 2008 and 2012. As part of the elimination campaign, active detection of asymptomatic Plasmodium species by a highly sensitive method was deemed necessary. This study was carried out to determine asymptomatic Plasmodium species carriage by nested PCR in the country, in 2012. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 3924 apparently healthy participants were screened for Plasmodium species in 14 districts (5 endemic: Okavango, Ngami, Tutume, Boteti and Bobirwa; and 9 epidemic: North East, Francistown, Serowe-Palapye, Ghanzi, Kweneng West, Kweneng East, Kgatleng, South East, and Good Hope). Venous blood was taken from each participant for a nested PCR detection of Plasmodium species. Results: The parasite rates of asymptomatic Plasmodium species detected were as follows: Plasmodium falciparum, 0.16 %; Plasmodium vivax, 4.66 %; Plasmodium malariae, (Pm) 0.16 %; Plasmodium ovale, 0 %, mixed infections (P. falciparum and P. vivax), 0.055 %; and (P. vivax and P. malariae), 0.027 %, (total: 5.062 %). The high proportion of asymptomatic reservoir of P. vivax was clustered in the East, South Eastern and Central districts of the country. There appeared to be a correlation between the occurrence of P. malariae infection with P. vivax infection, with the former only occurring in districts that had substantial P. vivax circulation. The median age among 2-12 year olds for P. vivax infection was 5 years (Mean 5.13 years, interquartile range 3-7 years). The odds of being infected with P. vivax decreased by 7 % for each year increase in age (OR 0.93, 95 % CI 0.87-1.00, p = 0.056). Conclusion: We have confirmed low parasite rate of asymptomatic Plasmodium species in Botswana, with the exception of P.vivax which was unexpectedly high. This has implication for the elimination campaign so a follow up study is warranted to inform decisions on new strategies that take this evidence into account in the elimination campaign.Item Sickle Cell Disease: Reappraisal of the Role of Foetal Haemoglobin Levels in the Frequency of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis(Ghana Medical Journal, 2015-06) Antwi-Boasiako, C.; Frimpong, E.; Ababio, G.K.; Dzudzor, B.; Ekem, I.; Gyan, B.; Sodzi-Tettey, N.A.; Antwi, D.A.Background: Foetal haemoglobin has been implicated in the modulation of sickle cell crisis. Its level is generally inversely proportional to the severity of sickle cell disease (SCD) for a given sickle cell phenotypes. The main aim of therapy for vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), which is the hallmark of SCD, is to reduce the chances of sickling through the prevention of polymerization of HbS. One way of preventing this polymerization is by increasing foetal haemoglobin levels. Objectives: To determine the relationship between HbF levels and the frequency of crisis in SCD patients in Ghana. Method: A longitudinal retrospective survey covering a period of 30 months was carried out on adult SCD patients at the Sickle Cell Clinic of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Results: Eighty-three adults aged 15 to 65 years made up of 40 males and 43 femalea were studied. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) gave significant results in Hb and HbF levels. Higher HbF levels were positively related to less frequent crisis and were significantly high in SCD patients than in controls. HbF effects on the clinical manifestations on SCD were variable. Conclusion: Threshold values of HbF play a role in reducing the frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in SCD patients and this finding contributes to the body of available literature on SCD severity. However our work does not give the apparent threshold level of helpful HBF Level in SCD.Item Sickle Cell Disease: Reappraisal of the Role of Foetal Haemoglobin Levels in the Frequency of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis(Ghana Medical Journal, 2015-06) Antwi-Boasiako, C.; Frimpong, E.; Ababio, G.K.; Dzudzor, B.; Ekem, I.; Gyan, B.; Sodzi-Tettey, N.A.; Antwi, D.A.Foetal haemoglobin has been implicated in the modulation of sickle cell crisis. Its level is generally inversely proportional to the severity of sickle cell disease (SCD) for a given sickle cell phenotypes. The main aim of therapy for vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), which is the hallmark of SCD, is to reduce the chances of sickling through the prevention of polymerization of HbS. One way of preventing this polymerization is by increasing foetal haemoglobin levels. To determine the relationship between HbF levels and the frequency of crisis in SCD patients in Ghana. A longitudinal retrospective survey covering a period of 30 months was carried out on adult SCD patients at the Sickle Cell Clinic of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Eighty-three adults aged 15 to 65 years made up of 40 males and 43 femalea were studied. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) gave significant results in Hb and HbF levels. Higher HbF levels were positively related to less frequent crisis and were significantly high in SCD patients than in controls. HbF effects on the clinical manifestations on SCD were variable. Threshold values of HbF play a role in reducing the frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in SCD patients and this finding contributes to the body of available literature on SCD severity. However our work does not give the apparent threshold level of helpful HBF Level in SCD. (PDF) Sickle Cell Disease: Reappraisal of the Role of Foetal Haemoglobin Levels in the Frequency of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281160890_Sickle_Cell_Disease_Reappraisal_of_the_Role_of_Foetal_Haemoglobin_Levels_in_the_Frequency_of_Vaso-Occlusive_Crisis [accessed Sep 18 2018].