Optimal Location for Loss Reduction on A 7-Bus Bar Power Grid System by Capacitor Placement

Abstract

Reduction of power loss in transmission and distribution system is key to improve the efficiency of power system. This paper presents a method of minimizing the loss associated with the reactive component of the branch current by optimal placement of shunt capacitor on an IEEE seven Bus-bar system by Power-World Simulator. The project started by drawing the one-line diagram of the 7-bus power grid system with rated values suggested by the simulator tool. Upon completion, all the data regarding the Voltage per unit, mega volt-ampere reactive losses, megawatt and mega volt ampere at each buss were recorded. Analysis was done on the system using the power world simulator. From the simulation results, the original system recorded a low power factor of 0.79 and a mega volt-ampere reactive loss of eighteen percent (18%). After analyzing the system and installing the capacitor bank at the optimal location, the power factor improved to 0.98 and the system’s mega volt ampere reactive reduced to 6.4%. The optimal location for the capacitor bank was identified as the bus that injects more reactive power to the system. The bus also has a low voltage per unit value and high conductance as compared to all other buses.