Vitreomacular interface abnormalities in the Ghanaian African
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Springer Nature
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Describe vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIA) using spectral-domain optical coherence
tomography (SD-OCT), and correlations with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) grade in Ghanaian Africans.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Prospective, cross-sectional study of adults aged ≥50 years recruited in Ghana AMD Study. Participant
demographics, medical histories, ophthalmic examination, digital colour fundus photography (CFP) were obtained. High resolution fve-line raster OCT, Macular Cube 512 × 128 scans, and additional line scans in areas of clinical abnormality, were
acquired. SD-OCT VMI features classifed by International Vitreomacular Traction Study Group system and relationships to AMD
grade were evaluated. Outcomes: VMIA prevalence, posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), vitreomacular adhesions (VMA),
vitreomacular traction (VMT), epiretinal membranes (ERM), correlations with AMD grade.
RESULTS: The full Ghana AMD cohort included 718 participants; 624 participants (1248 eyes) aged ≥50 years (range = 50–101,
mean = 68.8), 68.9% female were included in this analysis. CFP with OCT scans were available for 776 eyes (397 participants); 707
(91.1%) had gradable CFP and OCT scans for both AMD and VMI grading forming the dataset for this report. PVD was absent in 504
(71.3%); partial and complete PVD occurred in 16.7% and 12.0% respectively. PVD did not increase with age (p = 0.720). VMIA
without traction and macular holes were observed in 12.2% of eyes; 87.8% had no abnormalities. VMIA was not signifcantly
correlated with AMD grade (p = 0.819).
CONCLUSIONS: This provides the frst assessment of VMIA in Ghanaian Africans. VMIA are common in Africans; PVD may be less
common than in Caucasians. There was no signifcant association of AMD grade with VMIA.
Description
Research Article
Keywords
vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIA), Ghanaian, optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)