An Assessment of Environmental and Economic Effects of Tourism in Communities around Wli Waterfalls and Lake Bosomtwi in Ghana

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dc.contributor.advisorAsiedu, A.B.
dc.contributor.advisorNyame, F.K.
dc.contributor.advisorOsei–Asare, W.B.
dc.contributor.authorAniapam, A.D.
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Ghana, Basic and Applied Sciences, Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-16T09:14:06Z
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-13T15:28:49Z
dc.date.available2017-01-16T09:14:06Z
dc.date.available2017-10-13T15:28:49Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.descriptionThesis(PHD)-University of Ghana, 2016
dc.description.abstractThe study sought to assess the effects of tourism on the environment and economic activities in the communities around Lake Bosomtwi and Wli Waterfalls. Methodology used included analysis of water samples from the Lake and Waterfall. Satellite images covering the period between 1990 and 2010 of land use around the Lake Bosomtwi and Wli Waterfalls were also analyzed to see if tourism is affecting vegetative cover around the Lake Bosomtwi and Wli Waterfalls. In addition, a social survey and detailed observation of anthropogenic activities were also made to determine the perceived effects of tourism on environment and economic activities. Also, the relationship between environmental effects on socio–economic activities was investigated. Finally, the level of participation of residents in the management of the tourism resources in their community was assessed. Values recorded for physical parameters in the Wli Waterfalls were below the acceptable limits for WHO standards for drinking water. The values ranged between 23.6oC to 27.9oC (mean= 25.8oC), 6.1-8.7 (mean= 7.5), 2.217μS/cm to 101.117μS/cm (mean= 43.217μS/cm), 5.2NTU to 39.2 NTU (mean= 14.9 NTU) 8.6mg/L to 32.6mg/L (mean= 15.9mg/L) for temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity and TDS respectively. With the exception of conductivity (1038 μS/cm to 1381 μS/cm; mean= 1263 μS/cm) and pH (7.4 to 9.6; mean= 8.98), which were above the acceptable limits of WHO standards for drinking water, the rest of physical parameters recorded in the Lake Bosomtwi were also below the acceptable limits of WHO standards for drinking water. Coliforms contents of both water bodies; 505cfc/100mL to 2208cfc/100mL (mean=1078cfc/100mL) and 584cfc/100mL to 2603cfc/100mL (mean= 1248cfc/100mL) for Wli Waterfalls and Lake Bosomtwi respectively were far above the acceptable limits for WHO standards for drinking water. Values recorded for peak periods (festive occasions when influx of tourists was high) were slightly higher than values recorded for the lean periods (nonfestive occasions when influx of tourists was very low). The differences were however not significant. While vegetation cover around Wli Waterfalls experienced a diversity of changes that of Lake Bosomtwi was a continuous decline. Grassland coverage and built up/bare areas on the other hand increased throughout the study period for the two study areas. While the improvement in the vegetation cover could partly be attributed to tourism development at Wli Waterfalls, the decline at Lake Bosomtwi could however not be attributed to tourism development alone. Anthropogenic activities such as farming and expansion in settlements could also be responsible. Social survey and observations made indicates that the residents in communities around Wli Waterfalls do perceive tourism development to be having more positive effects than negative ones on their environmental and economic activities. Residents from communities around Lake Bosomtwi on the other hand perceive tourism development to be having more negative effects than positive ones on their environment. They also believed that economic benefits from tourism development are very minimal. The varied perceptions from the residents in two study areas may be due to the fact that tourism development at the Wli Waterfalls is still at the euphoria stage of Doxey‟s Irridex Model while that of Lake Bosomtwi is at the apathy stage. Responds from residents indicates that residents do not play any meaningful role in the management of tourism resource in their communities and that at best they are at the manipulation level on the ladder of citizen participation. Despite the concerns raised by residents, especially those from Bosomtwi, on the perceived negative effects of tourism on their environment and economic activities,en_US
dc.format.extentxix, 289p: ill
dc.identifier.urihttp://197.255.68.203/handle/123456789/21303
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Ghanaen_US
dc.rights.holderUniversity of Ghana
dc.subjectTourismen_US
dc.subjectWli Waterfallsen_US
dc.subjectLake Bosomtwien_US
dc.subjectGhanaen_US
dc.titleAn Assessment of Environmental and Economic Effects of Tourism in Communities around Wli Waterfalls and Lake Bosomtwi in Ghanaen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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