Rapid community diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis

Abstract

We conducted a pilot study to test rapid assessment procedures for the community diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis in some rural communities in Ghana. The assessment criteria included direct key informant interviews, focus group discussions, routine reporting from health facilities, self-administered questionnaires, and a random examination of adult males for hydroceles. All the data collection methods were easy, convenient, non-invasive to use and acceptable to the community. The study provided reliable estimates of the burden of lymphatic filariasis in the community when compared with data from standard epidemiological surveys. The direct key informant interviews and focus group discussions gave a broad perspective of the burden of diseases in the community in general, and lymphatic filariasis in particular. The use of self-administered questionnaires provided data comparable with data on elephantiasis in the community from a case search. Examination of a random 30-40 adult males for hydroceles provided a good correlation with the community microfilaria prevalence, with a correlation coefficient of linear regression r = 0.79. These individual rapid assessment procedures of the burden of lymphatic filariasis, if further developed and tested could, be widely used in combination for the mapping of the distribution of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana and possibly, the African sub-region.