Refugee Women’s Experiences In Accessing Maternal Healthcare: Qualitative Exploration From Krisan And Ampain Refugee Camps In Western Region, Ghana

Abstract

Background Refugee populations in Ghana faced significant challenges in accessing maternal healthcare services, including antenatal care, skilled birth attendance, and postnatal care, due to socio-economic, cultural, and health system factors. Limited research has explored the specific barriers encountered by refugee mothers in Ghana. This study explored the experiences of refugee mothers in accessing maternal healthcare services in Krisan and Ampain Refugee Camps in the Western Region, Ghana. Methods Anchored by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological design was employed to collect data from refugee mothers aged 15–49. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews using a structured interview guide. Purpose, snowball, and maximum variability sampling techniques were applied to recruit participants who could provide relevant insights. In total, 29 interviews were conducted, and the data, including field notes and interview transcripts, were thematically analyzed to identify key patterns and themes. Results Major themes that emerged were language barriers, financial constraints, discrimination, inadequate social support, transportation difficulties, long waiting times at health facilities, and negative attitudes from healthcare providers. Social support networks and good interpersonal relationships with healthcare staff were however reported as enablers to maternal healthcare access. Conclusion Maternal healthcare for refugee mothers was found to found to requires targeting their unique circumstances and healthcare needs. Integrating policies such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Health Strategy and Sphere Standards into national health systems could improve access to equitable maternal care for refugees. Policymakers, including Ghana’s Ministry of Health and UNHCR, should collaborate with healthcare providers and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to implement policies that ensure equitable access and person-centred care for refugee.