Theses

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A long essay or dissertation or thesis involving personal research, written by postgraduates of University of Ghana for a university degree.

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    Creative Climate and Organisational Resilience in the Banking Industry: The Mediating Role of Psychological Safety
    (University of Ghana, 2023) Mumin, A.A.
    The research investigated the relationship between creative climate and organisational resilience among Ghanaian-owned and Foreign-owned banks in the Greater Accra region, the capital of Ghana. The research further investigated the mediating role of psychological safety in the relationship between creative climate and organisational resilience. The study utilised a convenient sampling technique to sample 397 employees of Ghanaian-owned and Foreign-owned banks. 200 of the participants sampled were from Ghanaian-owned banks, and 197 were from Foreign-owned banks. The study deployed a quantitative cross-sectional design, where participants were administered questionnaires in softcopy and hardcopy to investigate creative climate, organisational resilience, and psychological safety. The study utilised structural equation modeling (Amos) to analyse the collected data. The analysed data revealed that the creative climate had a positive impact on the organisational resilience of Ghanaian-owned and Foreign-banks. Psychological safety was found to mediate the positive impact of the creative climate on the organisational resilience of banks in Ghana. Based on the outcome of the study, banks in Ghana were recommended to implement policies that allow employees to establish solid networks and relationships characterised by trust and support among them, promote collective learning, cooperation, and information exchange among members of the organisation, encourage managers in all roles and business divisions to openly discuss risks and risk management strategies with their staffs to help determine the direction and alignment of goals, skills, among others.
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    The Ghana Armed Forces as a Foreign Policy Tool in Ecowas Military Intervention Since the End of the Cold War
    (University of Ghana, 2020-10) Akagbor, E.A.K.
    The study explored the significance of Ghana’s participation in international peacekeeping as a tool in the pursuit of the country’s foreign policy objectives. In pursuance of the mission of the Ghana Armed Forces, it provides troops for United Nations, Commonwealth, African Union and sub-regional peacekeeping operations. Through secondary and primary data, the study interrogated the role of the GAF in Ghana’s foreign policy formulation and implementation in the area of PSOs in West Africa between 1990 and 2016. Secondly, the study rationalized Ghana’s participation in these PSOs and how it has inured to achieving our foreign policy objectives. Findings from the study suggests that participation in international peacekeeping has been a core foreign policy tool since 1957 and the GAF participation in international peacekeeping constitutes one of the various ways through which Ghana’s foreign policy is conducted. Also the GAF implements foreign policy and ensures peace in the sub region by providing troops for United Nations, Commonwealth, African Union and sub-regional peacekeeping operations, which are all in tandem with Ghana’s foreign policy of good neighbourliness and multilateralism. The GAF has effectively served Ghana’s foreign policy in the international stage and especially in the ECOWAS sub region. The study concludes that the GAF participation in international peacekeeping constitutes one of the various ways through which Ghana’s foreign policy of Pan Africanism; membership of international organizations, good neighbourliness and the maintenance of international peace and security are projected. The study recommends that the GAF must be well briefed and coached on Ghana’s foreign policy and be made aware that participating in international peacekeeping operations do not only constitute service to the GAF but plugs into the implementation of Ghana’s foreign policy.
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    Corporate Social Responsibility, Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Job Satisfaction of a Leading Hotel in Ghana
    (University of Ghana, 2020-07) Atua - Ntow, N.Y.O.
    This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), organisational citizenship behaviour and job satisfaction in a leading hotel in Ghana. The study examines the nature and form of CSR practices of a hotel, the influence of employees’ perception of corporate social responsibility and organisational citizenship behaviour as well as the independent relationship between job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour. A Four-Star hotel in the heart of Accra was selected. Specifically, Marriott International Hotel, Accra was the organisation used for this study. The study employed the concurrent mixed-method approach to gather data at a point in time. Regression analysis was used in analysing the survey data of 162 respondents. Content analysis was also used in analysing the 2018 annual report of the hotel as well as the 2019 annual report of their corporate social responsibility program. Findings from the study showed that the CSR practices of the hotel were more economic in nature and it focused more on education and training. Results from the quantitative analysis showed that, employees had a positive perception of the hotel’s CSR practices. Further analysis showed that, employees’ perception of CSR practices influenced organisational citizenship behaviour. Specifically, economic CSR had the strongest predictor on organisational citizenship behaviour. Again, results from the independent relationship between organisational citizenship behaviour and job satisfaction showed that, job satisfaction significantly predicted organisational citizenship behaviour. Given the findings, it was recommended that, the hotel should focus more on its philanthropic CSR practices to increase the pro-social behaviours of employees.
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    Care of the Aged in Contemporary Ghana
    (University of Ghana, 2019-07) Yeboah, A.O.
    The population of Ghana and the world at large is not only growing but it is also greying. This increase in the number of senior citizens has come with its accompanying challenges and this has placed it on the world’s agenda. The growing number of older persons in Ghana, a country which valued norms of reciprocity and filial piety, has brought about new forms of elder care because of the decline in extended family support. This research project used qualitative methodology specifically in-depth and semi-structured interviews with older residents of Mercy Home and members of Help Age to understand the normative values and expectations of what constitutes quality care for the elderly and how caregiving affects quality of life. It explored the perceptions of both caregivers and the elderly about emerging forms of caregiving arrangements. Challenges faced by caregivers in providing quality care for the elderly was also explored. Findings from the study revealed that older persons expect caregivers to assist them with activities of daily living. Participants cited disability status, location of children, finance, values and availability of caregivers as factors determining caregiving method adopted. All participants believed caregiving impacts quality of life. Additionally, challenges faced by caregivers ranged from financial to emotional and physical. This study contributes to literature by providing qualitative insight into the normative values and expectations of older persons.
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    Continuing Professional Development of Professional Librarians in the Public University libraries in Ghana
    (University of Ghana, 2003-10) Adanu, T.S.A.
    This work is a report on a research conducted on the continuing professional development (CPO) of professional librarians in the five public university libraries in Ghana. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between continuing professional development (CPO) of library professionals working in the five public university libraries in Ghana and job advancement/promotion, CPO and job satisfaction, CPO and job performance/efficiency. Continuing professional development will be defined by the following general factors. These are: the individual, the library/institution, CPO activities. CPD development plan. professional goals and training needs. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents were aware of CPO activities and a significant number of the respondents were actually involved in CPO. CPO was seen as having a positive impact on job satisfaction. A personal plan was seen as important for cpo. Library management of all five public university libraries said CPO was encouraged in different ways although they consented that there was an absence of a written CPO policy. The study showed that CPO had a great influence on job performance. CPO was seen also as a great aid to promotion as well as career advancement. Research and publishing showed up as the most needed of the CPO activities for promotion. Respondents were generally motivated to pursue CPO activities. The major barrier to CPO turned out to be finances and the main motivating factor for engaging in CPO activities was to update skills. Involvement in CPO was generally seen as a shared responsibility of stakeholders, the individual (employee). the library (employer). Training needs identified were many and diverse, reflecting the fact that CPO needs differ from individual to individual. Recommendations were made and suggestions given for further research. Recommendations made included the need for the documentation of CPO policy by employers and policy makers. Library management was encouraged to set up a training department within the library to cater for the training needs of staff including professionals. To the employees or professionals. it was suggested that there was a need for them to recognize that certain CPO activities like research and publishing counted more towards promotion than others. The importance of networking and teaming up for joint research was emphasized. Suggestions for further research included a comparative study between CPO practices and opportunities of professionals in the public universities on one hand and those in the private universities.
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    Strategies of extending Social Security Coverage to workers in the Informal Sector
    (University of Ghana, 2005-06) Ayisi, A.E.
    The research work was meant to find strategies of extending social security coverage to workers in the informal sector to enable them have protection against economic and social distress. The informal sector alone forms 80.6% of the total number of 9.039,318 economically active populations. Data used for the research work was from both primary and secondary sources. A vital tool that was wed in gathering information from the primary source was the questionnaire. In all, thirty questions were asked and grouped under the following headings. • General information on the respondent • Savings levels and preferences • Understanding of the SSNIT Pension Scheme The purposeive sampling procedures and structured questionnaires were used to collect data from a total of 156 respondents. The research revealed that workers in the informal sector do not join the scheme because of lack of knowledge. Most of the workers in the sector have failed to contribute due to unsustainable incomes. It was also revealed that benefits offered under the SSNIT Scheme were inadequate and did not meet workers expectations. Based on the findings, it is recommended that SSNIT enact a double -decker social insurance system that will provide for withdrawable contributions to help workers in this sector expand their business as their immediate need. As a result of the lack of knowledge, the media could also help to market the scheme. Benefits to contributors should be adjusted by SSNIT to bridge the gap between the high and low income earners.
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    The Impact of Central Bank Independence on Inflation in Ghana
    (University of Ghana, 2009-07) Caiquo, A.K.
    Increasing central bank independence is a recommended strategy for government to establish a credible commitment to price stability, which may be at the expense of other objectives that may be more appealing to the political authorities. Most of the literature reports a negative relation between legal independence and inflation in developed countries with the evidence on central bank independence and growth being tenuous. The turnover rate of the central bank governors (which is the rate at which governors are changed) tends to be positively associated with inflation in less developing countries, implying that low turnover rates is associated with low inflation, the reverse is true. This paper seeks to explore the impact of the degree of independence of the Bank of Ghana on inflation from the actual measure of central bank independence context since 1970 to 2007, making use of a general inflation model. The results reveal a negative impact on inflation in Ghana. Which suggests that the turnover rate of governors has a negative effect on inflation. Since the governor of the Bank of Ghana is appointed by the government, there is the likelihood to succumb to pressures from government in the hope to avoid the termination of appointment. The governmental influence makes the pursuance of effective monetary policies less likely on the part of the governor. The policy implications and recommendations from the study emphasize the need to put in place checks to ensure an effective and efficient transparent mechanism between the Bank of Ghana and the general public. Secondly, the goals of the Bank of Ghana should be clearly defined as well as the monetary instrument to be employed to achieve the goals. Finally, the enactment of the fiscal responsibility law will ensure fiscal discipline on the part of government.
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    Influence of Psychological Contract Breach on Organizational Commitment: A Study of Teachers in the Ga East Municipality of Accra, Ghana
    (University Of Ghana, 2020-07) Amoah, V.S.
    This study sought to examine the influence of psychological contract breach (PCB) on employees’ affective, continuance and normative commitment. It also examined leader-member exchange (LMX) as a moderator of the relationship between PCB and the dimensions of organizational commitment. Job embeddedness (JE) and organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) were also examined as mediators of this relationship. Two hundred and ninety-eight (298) teachers were conveniently sampled from both private and public schools within the Ga-East Municipality of Accra for this quantitative cross-sectional survey. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression test and independent t-test. Results indicated PCB was negatively related to a) affective commitment and c) normative commitment. LMX did not moderate the relationship between PCB and the dimensions of organizational commitment. JE mediated the relationship between PCB and the dimensions of commitment. Public school teachers reported high levels of PCB as compared to their counterparts in the private schools. Findings of this study indicate PCB reduces teachers’ commitment. Stakeholders in the education sector ought to institute measures to reduce or eliminate it. Frequent boot camps can be organized to reiterate obligations owed to employees so as to clear any misconceptions.
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    Household Characteristics and Maternal Mortality in Ghana
    (University of Ghana, 2019-07) Foli, M.
    Pregnancy is a pre-condition to reproduction and childbearing. However, the life-threatening risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth have turned the whole process into one full of anxiety and fear as some women never make it alive. Upon several efforts by governments and international organizations, it is sad to still see families losing their loved ones during pregnancy or childbirth especially in our part of the world. Numerous studies tend to focus on the provision and utilization of health care services for women or government efforts targeted at reducing the maternal mortality canker. This study takes it a step further by looking at the relationship between maternal mortality and the household characteristics of the deceased women taking into account the family system in Africa in which decisions are usually made at the household level, and such decisions being influenced by the characteristics of the household. The study made use of the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey in which women within the reproductive age (15-49) answered several questions concerning their reproductive health, utilization of health facilities, and their socio-demographic characteristics. A verbal autopsy was also conducted in households in which a female aged 12-49 has died in the five years prior to the survey. The study used binary logistic regression to assess the relationship between household characteristics, individual characteristics and maternal mortality. The results showed that the household characteristics were not significant predictors of maternal mortality but rather the individual characteristics like age and marital status were found to be significantly associated with maternal mortality. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the government put more effort into educating adolescents on maternal health issues since they are the most vulnerable group.
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    Examining the Adoption of Green Energy Technologies in the Hospitality Industry from 2010 to 2018 in La Dade-Kotopon Municipality
    (University of Ghana, 2019-07) Danquah, S.K.
    The global campaign against the use of conventional energy sources due to its resultant harmful effects coupled with the erratic nature of power supply in Ghana, high-energy consumption of hotels as well as issues surrounding environment sustainability necessitated the study. The study examined the adoption perspectives of GETs in the La Dade-Kotopon Municipality from 2010 to 2018, with focus on the types of adopted GETs, factors contributing to the adoption and non-adoption of green energy technologies and a review of the national policy frameworks in promoting the adoption of GETs. A census was conducted to study all the fifteen (15) registered hotels in the LADMA to assess the measures that were taken during the load shedding (dumsor) period with concentration on GET adoption. In addition, key resource persons were purposively selected and interviewed based on their roles in the promotion of GETs whilst private entrepreneurs were also interviewed to gain more perspective on some issues raised by the hotels. The findings of the research revealed that hotels largely adopted solar PVs due to their knowledge of the product and its availability on the market. Again, hotels adopted green energy technologies in order to cut down cost of electricity and to gain constant supply of electricity. However, the cost of the GETs coupled with lack of proper understanding of its associated benefits were the major reasons that led to the non-adoption of green energy technologies by some hotels. Furthermore, the country having laid down policies that can largely influence the adoption of GETs, has failed in implementing majority of its provisions. As a result of these findings, the study recommends an educational and awareness campaign for all hotels on GETs, granting of subsidizes on components of GETs, implementation of key provisions within the national policy framework and proper coordination between the regulatory bodies in charge of the activities of hotels to promote the uptake of GETs.