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A long essay or dissertation or thesis involving personal research, written by postgraduates of University of Ghana for a university degree.
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Item The Bureau Of African Affairs In The Kwame Nkrumah Administration From 1951 - 1966 With a (Descriptive) Guide For Its Archives(University Of Ghana, 1990-09) Mensah, T.J.JThe events that took that place of African Affairs may be said to have been motivated by the realization that new states if Africa, though independent, were constrained by the international environment, but that within those constraints ( and others dictated by physical resources and human capabilities), there remained a degree of choice for African leaders to fashion their government,s policies to meet continental demands. Consequently, Kwame Nkrumah establish the Bureau of African Affairs in order to expedite the Fulfilment of the pan-African dream for the achievement of the total liberation of Africa from alien rule and domination, and for the enhancement of the dignity of the blackman anywhere in the world. Strictly speaking this study is not yet another thesis on Kwame Nkrumah. Rather, it is a b study of an almost forgotten, but nonetheless important political institution established under his administration in pursuit of his African objectives. Inspite of the acclaimed achievements of the bureau of African Affairs in the sphere of African liberation, the organization collapsed with the government which gave birth to it. It dubbed as an organ of Nkrumah,s subversive activities in Africa. The discusses the evolution of the burean in Ghana and Shows the impediments it encountered in adapting its methods to face the challenges of the changes envisaged by the pan-African ideal on the continent. In addition, the records drawn up or used during the bureau s administrative or executive transactions have been appraised and described in this study. Finally, the study makes a number of conclusions regarding the fashioning of the bureau to play the role of coordinating aid to African Liberation MovementsItem Evaluation of the Hydrogeological Relationship between Monitoring and Production Boreholes in the Upper West Region. Ghana(University of Ghana, 1996-11) Norgbe, B.Y.To evaluate the hydrogeological relationship between monitoring and production boreholes in the Upper West region of Ghana, a total of 192 boreholes were studied. Out of these, 23 are monitoring boreholes and 169 are production boreholes. The types of aquifers being tapped by these boreholes have also been identified to determine the adequacy of the existing network of the monitoring boreholes. The region is underlain by basement complex rocks. The rocks are composed of granites, granodiorites and granite-gneisses. Metamorphosed volcanic. schists and phyllites of the Birimian formation occur along the western pollution of the study area. Three aquifer types were identified from geologic logs and drillers logs in the Upper West region. These are the weathered rock aquifers, the fractured unweathered rock aquifers and the fractured Quartz vein aquifers. These aquifers are inter-related and where they occur in combination with thick overburden, yields are enhanced in such boreholes. Statistical analysis; such as correlation and regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the borehole properties, while the Theis (1935) Recovery and Cooper-Jacob (1946) methods were used to calculate the aquifer characteristics. There is a significant relationship between overburden thickness and yields in the study area. About ninety percent of the boreholes studied have overburden thicknesses exceeding 15m with yields of not less than 10 I/min. General}". yields range between 4.5 IImin. and 270 I/min in the 192 boreholes~. The mean and standard deviation are 25.4 I/min and 20.3 I/min respectively. Close values of the mean and standard deviation of the borehole yields indicate the heterogeneous nature of aquifers in the area. An average decline of 4.1 m in static water levels was observed in the region. This was attributed to reduced recharge:. low rainfall, high rates of evapotranspiration, increased surface run-off and excessive withdrawal of water from the boreholes. Transmissivity values computed using the Cooper-Jacob(l946) method ranges from 1.2 ml/day to log.2 mI /day in 47 boreholes. The mean and standard deviation values are 35.2 ml/day and 30.1 ml/day respectively. The closeness of these values, again explains the wide variations and extremity in transmissivity values of basement rock aquirers In the Upper-West region. The Theis(193S) Recovery method was used to compute the transmissivity values of six boreholes. The values range from 19.5 to 213.4 ml/day, while those calculated using the Cooper-Jacob (l946) solution technique from the same boreholes range between 24.5 and 183.4 ml/day. It was noted that more accurate transmissivity values were obtained rrom the Theis (1935) Recovery method than obtained from the Couper-Jacob (1946) method. Step-drawdown results used to calculate the borehole efficiencies of five boreholes after one hour of pumping indicate that none of the boreholes analyzed have inefficiencies exceeding 75% in the study area. Finally, the studies indicate that there exists virtually little or no hydrogeological relationship between ninety, percent of the monitoring; boreholes and the production boreholes; hence the 23 monitoring: boreholes established across the region are not adequately monitoring the groundwater levels of the area. They are also not representative of the production boreholes in the study area.Item Variation in English Phrasal Verbs in the Written English Ghanaian Secondary School Students(University of Ghana, 1991-12) Ahadzie, E.S.Item The Effects of Different Methods of Salting on the Quality of Salted Fish(University of Ghana, 1996-06) Dowuona, S.Samples of fresh Tilapia (Tilapia species) and Redfish (Sparidae species) were salted using the pickle and kench curing methods. The salted fish were then dried using solar and air-drying methods. Standard methods were used to determine the effects of processing and dryinq methods on the chemical composition of the processed fish. With the uptake of salt by the fiah, the ash content increased significantly during processing, with resultant decreases in the fat, protein and moisture contents. Fat decrease was alao partly attributed to dripping of liquified fat during drying as well as chemical oxidation of the fat. Protein losses were also partly due to proteolysis of the protein as well as denaturation. The extent of the differences in moisture, fat and protein between the pickled and kenched samples were not significant except for ash and salt contents. Sensory evaluation using the rank method and analyaed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that the kench cured and airdried samples are more acceptable, whiles pickle cured and solar dried samples are least acceptable with respect to texture, odour and appearance. The salted dried Tilapia samples were also found to have a longer shelf-life than the similarly treated Redfish samples.Item Development and Quality Evaluation of Pre-Gelatinized Instant Weaning Foods Based on Cereals and Legumes(University of Ghana, 1991-07) Abotsi, S.K.Item Evaluation of the Reference Service of the University of Cape Coast Library(University of Ghana, 1992-09-30) Opoku, E.The study puts under critical analysis the reference service of the University of Cape Coast library and the extent it goes to ensure the maximum use of the library's resources by the clientele, as well as the satisfaction derived from the service. However, the study revealed that the extent to which the reference department can go to fulfil its stated objectives, and satisfy user needs are hampered by inadequate resources inputs (like current literature, diverse and reliable services, enough qualified personnel) and dwindling facilities in the face of growing demands. Finally, some recommendations were made on how to overcome these problems.Item Studies on the Role of the Coleopteran Species Callosobrochus Maculatus Fab., Sitophilus Zeamais Mots. And Tribolium Castaneum Herbst. In The Dispersal of Fungi among Stored Grains of Maize (Zea Mays L.) And Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) And Seeds Of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata Walp.) And Bambara Groundnut (Vigna Subterranea L.) Verdc](University of Ghana, 1995-12) Badu-Yeboah, K.Seven Aspergillus species, A . clavatus, A . flavus, A.fumigatus, A. niger, A . ochraceus, A. sulpl1ureus and A. ustus have been used to investigate the role of three Coleopteran insect pests, namely, Callosobrochus maculatus, sitopl1ilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum in the persistance and spread of contaminant fungi among grains of maize (Zea mays) and rice (oryza sativa) and seeds of bambara groundnut (vigna subterranea) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) . The Aspergillus species were among fungi isolated from the grains and seeds. Bambara groundnut seeds on saIe at Kaneshie , La, Madina, Makola and Mallam Atta markets in Accra district contained species of Absidia, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Neurospora, Paecilomyces, Penicillium and PIll lularia. The dominant genera were Aspergillus and Penicillium represented by five and [our species, respectively, and the dominant species were Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger . The predominant apecles of rowpea seeds from the same markets were Aspergillus £lnvus Jere Aspergillus oryzae, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium cl1rysogenum and Penicillium expansum. Although all the . seven As pergillus species could grow on insect body leachate agar prepared >J i th leacha te of the three insect pests, the conidia of some of them could germinate in the leacha te of only some of the insects. only A. flavus and A. ocl1raceus condidia germinated in all the three leachates. Germination of the conidia of all the species occurred , anY>Jay, in leachates containing extracts of various tissues of seeds (axis of the embryo , cotyledon and testa) and extracts of grains. Conidia of all the species germinated in solution of dissolved faecal pellets of Callosobrochus maculatus, while conidia of 11.. clavatus, A. ocl1raceus and A . sulplJureus only germinated in the solution of dissolved faecal pellets of Sitophilus zeamais and conidia of also three species, 11. . clavatus, A . flavus and A. ochraceus germinated in the solution of faecal pellets of Tribolium castaneum. Aspergillus flavus conidia adhering to the bodies of sitoplJilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum were transported through maize grains packed in wide glass tubes. The amount of the conidia detached as the insects moved depended on the size of the spaces among the grains and the frequency of contact between the insects and the grains. s. zeamais lost 87.8, 8~.7 and 76.7 percent of the original load of conidia as the insects travelled over 100cm through grains measuring 5.3-8.3 x 4.04-7.3mm, 8.1-10.2 x 6.0-8.2mm and 9.5-12 . 2 x 7.5-9.5mm, respectively. The corresponding figures for conidia on T. castaneulll 'vere, 88.5, 87.9 and 82.8 per cent respectively. Dead insect bodies were invaded by many fungi despite the presence of large populations of sur face bacter ia. The colonyforming- units of bacteria recorded for C. lIlaculatus, S. zeamais and T. castaneum per ml of suspending medium immediately after death were 27 . 5 x 10', 281 x 10' and 104.5 x 10' respectively i and six days later they were 37.8 x 1~, 5.0 x 1~ and zero, respectively. On the sixth day, Aspergillus flavus was isolated from the bodies of all the three insect pests. In addition, Aspergillus niger, Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp. and Trichoderma Viride were isolatC2.cI ·: c_,: from C. lIlaculatus . , Aspergillus niger and Curvularia sp. from S. zeam~ is and Clasdosporiulll sp. from T. castaneulll. The mycelium growing in the bodies after death might have arisen from inoculum either on the surface of the body or in the gut . For, the gut of the insects had extensive mycoflora. Fourteen, thirteen and sixteen fungal species were isolated from the gut of C. maculatus, S. aeolllois and T. castaneum, respectively. The predominant genera were Aspergillus and Penicillium and five species, namely Aspergillus £lavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium herbarum, PellicilliJ.J.m citinum and Penicillium purpurogenum were isolated from the guts of all the three insect pests. Three Aspergillus species red experimentally to the insects persisted for different lengths of time in the guts. A. flavus was isolated 6,8, and 5 days respectively, after feeding the insects, from the guts of C. maculatus, s. zeamais and T. castaneum. The corresponding survival periods for A . fumigatus were 4,6 and 5 days respecti vely, and for A. oC/lraceus, 6,4 and 3 days respectively. It was concluded that products and dead bodies of the insects would contribute to the persistence of the contaminant fungi and living insects would be responsible for both persistence and dispersal of the fungi in stored grains and seeds. Persistence and dispersal of the fungi could be reduced by measures which control the insect pest popUlation, by periodic removal of dead insect bodies especially in comparatively smaller stocks kept i.n the markets and by exposure of the products to light to drive the insects to the dark base and discourage the frequent migration.Item Moral Reasoning, Cost of Helping, and Human Relationships to Altruistic Orientation(University of Ghana, 1997-03) Wiafe-Akenteng, C.B.This study examined how one's level of moral reasoning, the cost of helping, and human relationships influence one's altruistic orientation. Two hundred and fourteen subjects (123 males and 91 females) aged between 16 and 22 years with an average age of 18 years from three mixed Sixth Form secondary schools in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana participated in the study. materials were the short form of Rest James (1979) Defining Issue Test (DIT) and the Self report Altruism Scale (SRAS). Results indicated significant main effects between each of the three independent variables and altruistic orientation. In addition, there were significant differences in the amount of help offered at each level of moral reasoning. at each level of cost as well as the amount of help offered to the three different victims. Furthermore, there were interaction effects of any two combinations of the three independent variables on altruistic orientation. However, there was no interaction among all the three independent variables combined. These findings suggest that all three variables influence altruistic orientation in one way or the other. It is therefore recommended that measures should be taken to improve children's level of moral reasoning: and that in situations where cost of helping is high, request for assistance must be presented in piecemeal where possible, and that education should be mounted to impress upon individuals and groups to look beyond helping only kin and/or friends so as ensure equitable treatment for all.Item Bono States' Relations with Asante 1712 - 1959(University of Ghana, 1999-09) Adum-Kyeremeh, K.A study of the nature of Asante's relations with states in the bono part of the Bono Ahafo Region. The thesis also examines the response of the various Bono states to Asante imperial rule, and how those states which resisted Asante rule were treated by Asante chiefs. The study reveals that prior to the Asante Invasion of 1712, Asante traders bought kola, livestock and pottery from Bonduku, Abesim, Kyeraa, Manso,Tekyiman Ahenekwaku and other settlements in Bono. The invasion of 1712 notwithstanding, economic relations between the two increased. During the early 19th century, Atebubu and Bonduku became important market centers visited on a regular basis by Asante traders . Later in the 1880s, the Kintampo and Wankyi markets expanded into international ones patronized by Asante traders from North Africa. Politically, however, Asante conquest of Bono soured relations between Asante and the Bono States as a result of the frequent capture, and often the murder of Bono chiefs or their subjects. the conquests also resulted in the looting of gold resources of the states, and the replacement of legitimate Bono rulers by persons without any claim to legitimacy. Asante rule resulted in the polarization of Bono society, between pro-Bono and pro- Asante states. these factions became antagonistic towards each other , formed alliances with neighbours who shared their ideology, and fought each other on a number of occasions. Anti- Asante sentiment persisted and grew in intensity from the late 19th century. In pursuit of freedom and independence from Asante rule , the Bono people identified with the Convention Peoples Party (C.P.P) in the1950s. In consideration of their support for the C.P.P. in the general elections of 1954 and 1956, the Nkrumah regime rewarded the bono by constituting their states and Ahafo into an autonomous administrative regime in 1959.Item The Role of Civil Society in the Democratization Process in Ghana, A Case Study of the Ghana Bar Association(University of Ghana, 1997-11) Appiah-Mensah, A.The aim of this study is to examine the role of the Ghana Bar Association in the democratization process in Ghana. A sample of 100 comprising 30 lawyers and 70 members of the general public were selected by purposive sampling from diverse occupational and professional backgrounds. It was made up of 69 males and 31 females . The interview schedule (questionnaires) was the method used to collect data from respondents. Additional data were gathered from documentary sources namely; the records of the Ghana Bar Association.The results of the study revealed that in terms of the social background characteristics, occupation was diverse and males and youth dominated the sample. A great majority of respondents were married and the literacy level was very high. With respect to the importance of the legal profession it was found out that in the public·s eye the profession is important because it deals with the law and the law affects everyone; that the nation cannot do without lawyers. As far as the role of the GBA in the democratization process in Ghana is concerned it was discovered that the Association has contributed positively to the process since independence and continues to play a major role in varying degrees involving national development, freedom and justice, human rights, as well as democracy and constitutionalism in general. finally, the following problems were identified to have impeded the effectiveness of the association. These include lack of commitment from governmental interference, lack of discipline among members, internal fragmentation of the Association, as well as anti- GBA sentiments from a large section of the public. Among the recommendations made were that the GSA should have structural re-organization involving the mode of membership induction, discipline, commitment and look for full-time personnel for both national and regional offices. It was also recommended that the General legal council should surrender its statutory powers over lawyers to the GBA to enable it bring order and discipline into the Association; that there should be a vigorous public education on legal matters. In addition, to these the GBA should work in close collaboration with the rest of civil society as it maximizes the power of its presence. as representatives of civil society, on many state bodies The researcher is hopeful that if the recommendations offered here are adopted many of the problems associated with the GBA and other segments of civil society will be minimized. if not entirely eliminated.