Department of Geography and Resource Development
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Item Patriotism in Turbulent and Settled Times(2019-03-27) Asante, K.T.; Amoah, L.Patriotism fosters national cohesion. In turbulent times, such as during social revolutions, wars of liberations, or national catastrophes, patriotic sentiments are interwoven into narratives of violence and self-sacrifice for a nationalistic cause. In settled times, patriotism is channeled towards the task of state-building and anchored on the moral imperative of preserving a heritage won by sacrifice. Therefore, violent contentions and self-sacrifice are central to narratives of patriotism in both turbulent and settled times. To build my argument, I review theories of society and authority from scholars such as Max Weber, David Apter, Immanuel Wallerstein, and Claude Ake; highlighting aspects of social formations and structures of power which predispose individuals to self-sacrifice for group causes. This argument is illustrated by drawing on theories of state formation in the west and in former colonies. I propose the notion of politically useful deaths to highlight a variety of functions which patriotic sentiments play in settled times. This proposition is explicated by the following claims: Politically useful deaths 1) (re)orient citizens’ imaginations towards the state, acting as a reminder of its existence, 2) serve as a social glue which creates, nurtures, or reinforces the bond among citizens, and 3) provide a vent for politically salient sentiments. Self-sacrifice is a civic aspiration which relevant institutions attempt to inculcate in individuals through political socialisation.