Department of Organisation and Human Resource Management

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://197.255.125.131:4000/handle/123456789/23062

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    Assessing Project Management Maturity in Africa: A Ghanaian Perspective
    (International Journal of Business Administration, 2013) Ofori, D.; Deffor, E.W.
    The level of project management awareness and recognition of the standards and knowledge sharing among professionals is on the rise. Despite this many projects continue to fail. Ameliorating project failure requires project management maturity among practitioners. Project management maturity is the progressive development of an enterprise-wide project management approach, methodology, strategy, and decision-making process. To ascertain the level of maturity among project-oriented organizations in Ghana the following research questions were raised: Is the concept of PM maturity understood in Ghana? What are Project Management Maturity levels in Ghana? What maturity models are in use? Are there differences in project management maturity levels in industries in Ghana? The study was exploratory and utilized a questionnaire survey method to collect data on project management Maturity in Ghanaian organizations. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 200 managers from different economic sectors. The findings showed that differences exist in the current project management maturity levels across each phase of the project life cycle for all organizations. The study also showed that most of the practitioners expect their respective organizations to attain higher levels of project management maturity (PMM) albeit at various levels. Organizations operating in the non-profit (NGO) category exhibited relatively higher levels of maturity compared to the other categories of organizations in all five phases of the project management life cycle. Firms in the public sector of Ghana recorded low levels of maturity in most of the phases of the project management life cycle. This may be attributed to the low level of project management expertise in the sector, with possible dire consequence to the country’s development since the public sector accounts for a large percentage of projects executed in Ghana. Overall, the findings seem to indicate that project management maturity occurs in phases; PM maturity does not occur as an event but is an ongoing process that is interlinked. The implication therefore is that organisations cannot claim to be mature in one area and neglect the other; it becomes imperative for project-implementing organizations in Ghana to strive to attain maturity in all five phases of the project management life cycle to attain the full benefits of the projects they implement.
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    Assessing Social Capital For Organisational Performance: Initial Exploratory Insights From Ghana
    (Organizations And Markets In Emerging Economies, 2010) Ofori, D.; Sackey, J.
    Social Capital is a concept that describes good quality social relations that can lead to mutual benefit. The fundamental proposition of social capital theory is that networks of relationships grant access to resources, especially information benefits not available to non-members of the network. This study assessed the functions of social capital within Ghanaian organizations, described the patterns and determinants of social capital use within organizations, and explored how social capital contributes to firm performance using a sample frame of firms listed in the Ghana Club 100. A questionnaire field survey supplemented by personal interviews was chosen as the most appropriate design for this investigation. Employees were sampled across the organizational hierarchy based on their responsibilities, positions, and type of relationship held with others within the organization. Data was also collected on demographic characteristics and organizational dynamics. The results showed that social capital is critical to knowledge sharing in the Ghanaian organization; that it helps to get things done and helps in the attainment of organizational objectives. The findings also suggested that three determinate variables of social capital: reciprocity, trust, and institutional ties, have the most significant positive relationship with organizational performance. Given that, the study recommends that firms take a proactive approach towards promoting, building, and maintaining viable social networks within their structures to derive maximum benefit from it.
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    Corporate Social Responsibility: Perspectives of Foreign and Local Oil Marketing Companies in Ghana
    (Communicatio, 2020) Amoako, G.; Dartey-Baah, K.; Owusu-Frimpong, N.; Kebreti, C.
    CSR activities in Ghana are undoubtedly receiving spectacular approval, either through companies’ voluntary acts to improve social conditions in the communities in which they operate or purely as a corporate strategy to enhance reputation and potentially increase profitability in the organization. It is in light of this, the researchers selected both foreign and locally based oil marketing companies in Ghana to examine their expressive social actions in the communities they operate in. The researchers found that as part of their CSR activities, the oil marketing companies focus on meeting educational needs, healthcare-related projects, safety issues, environmental interests, and community-related outreach programs such as providing potable water and donating towards community festivities.
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    Once bitten, twice shy? The relationship between business failure experience and entrepreneurial collaboration
    (Journal of Business Research, 2021) Amankwah-Amoah, J.; Berko, D.O.; Adomako, S.
    This paper draws on entrepreneurial failure and firm collaboration literature to conduct two studies on serial entrepreneurs in a developing economy. In Study 1, we used qualitative, semi-structured interviews to derive insights from 16 entrepreneurs with business failure experience. We observed that business failure experience incentivizes some serial entrepreneurs to collaborate with other entrepreneurs, and this phenomenon is shaped by religious orientation. In Study 2, we conducted a survey of 421 serial entrepreneurs to empirically test the effect of business failure experience and entrepreneurial collaboration. We also examined the moderating roles of religious and family orientations on this relationship. The results from the survey revealed a positive relationship between entrepreneurs’ business failure experience and entrepreneurial collaboration. In addition, our results indicate that the positive impact of business failure experience on entrepreneurial collaboration is stronger among entrepreneurs leading non-family firms than family firms. Among firms led by non-religious-oriented entrepreneurs, business failure experience was more positively related to collaboration. Theoretical and practical implications are considered.
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    The state of corporate social responsibility research in Ghana: A synthesis of literature
    (Business Strategy & Development, 2019) Damoah, O.B.O.; Peprah, A.A.; Cobla, G.M.
    There are recent calls to pay attention to the institutional requirement or the config urations of the national business system because it eventually results in the different manifestation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in different contexts. This has led to several contestations against the suitability of transferring developed countries' CSR frameworks and ideas to developing countries. Yet literature reviews about CSR in developing countries and in Africa, in particular, are limited. This paper, therefore, contributes to this gap by systematically reviewing and synthesizing 113 CSR's stud ies from Ghana between 2006 and 2018. Altogether, this paper structures CSR research in Ghana into salient themes to provide the current state of knowledge and help scholars scope the field and explore value‐adding avenues to further our understanding about CSR research in developing countries. Based on the findings, implication on theory, public policy, and practice are suggested.
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    Uncovering the untold story: exploring gender disparities in sexual harassment experiences and coping strategies among Ghanaian higher education students
    (Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 2023) Adu, I.N.; Nyarko-Tetteh, A.D.; Kyei-Frimpong, M.
    Purpose – This study aims to examine students’ experiences of sexual harassment (SH) in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Ghana as well as their coping strategies. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted the cross-sectional descriptive survey research design and used the convenience sampling technique to sample 926 students from four public Universities in Ghana. The data collected were analyzed using an independent-sample t-test with the aid of IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0. Findings – The study found no significant difference in male and female students’ experience of gender harassment and unwanted SH. Additionally, female students were sexually coerced considerably more than males. In the case of coping strategies, the study found no significant differences among male and female students use of passive coping strategies. Finally, the study found significant differences among male and female students use of active, self-blame and benign coping strategies. Practical implications – This implies that specific attention is required when students experience SH since they may be exposed to more aggressive sexual behavior. Originality/value – The originality of this present study rest on its unique contribution by exploring the prevalent SH and coping strategies among tertiary students in HEIs in Ghana.
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    Entrepreneurship and internationalisation: to what extent do the perceptions of male and female entrepreneurs differ on success factors
    (African Journal of Economic and Management Studie, 2023) Damoah, O.B.O.
    Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore gender variations in entrepreneurship and internationalisation from the perspective of the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm; in particular, the paper explores how differences in the personal idiosyncrasies of both males and females in part account for the variations in export internationalisation. Design/methodology/approach – The study draws on extant literature on the critical success factors in entrepreneurship and internationalisation research (e.g. foreign market knowledge, firm-level technology and firm age) as the conceptual framework to explore the issue. The study is based on 21 male and 17 female export entrepreneurs from Ghana and uses a descriptive research design (i.e. frequencies and chi-square test) to analyse the results. Findings – The results show that the perceptions of male and female exporters differ on key internationalisation success factors based on extant literature. Implicitly, whilst both groups shared a similar degree of basic knowledge on a few export success factors, across most of the other key export success factors, the male counterparts demonstrated a more expanded view compared to the females. The results support the assumption of the RBV theory applied in this study to argue that to account properly for the internationalisation outcomes of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the personality characteristics of the owner entrepreneurs are critical resources which cannot be ignored. Research limitations/implications – In terms of limitation, the study is exploratory study based on non probability sampling methods using descriptive frequencies tables and analysis of chi-square test and so readers must bear this limitation in mind in interpreting the results to improve on future studies. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the empirical literature by offering a unique perspective regarding how women and men perceive and interpret export success factors and how that impacts on the internationalisation outcomes of women and men. The paper responds to calls by researchers (e.g. Terjesen et al., 2011; Ratten and Tajeddini, 2018; Kuschel and Labra, 2018; Javadian and Richards, 2020) to populate studies on the topic to deepen the present understanding. By using data from Ghana, West Africa, the study sheds a fresh insight on the topic from an under-studied and under-researched geographical context
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    Entrepreneurship and internationalisation: to what extent do the perceptions of male and female entrepreneurs differ on success factors
    (African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 2023) Damoah, O.B.O.
    Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore gender variations in entrepreneurship and internationalisation from the perspective of the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm; in particular, the paper explores how differences in the personal idiosyncrasies of both males and females in part account for the variations in export internationalisation. Design/methodology/approach – The study draws on extant literature on the critical success factors in entrepreneurship and internationalisation research (e.g. foreign market knowledge, firm-level technology and firm age) as the conceptual framework to explore the issue. The study is based on 21 male and 17 female export entrepreneurs from Ghana and uses a descriptive research design (i.e. frequencies and chi-square test) to analyse the results. Findings – The results show that the perceptions of male and female exporters differ on key internationalisation success factors based on extant literature. Implicitly, whilst both groups shared a similar degree of basic knowledge on a few export success factors, across most of the other key export success factors, the male counterparts demonstrated a more expanded view compared to the females. The results support the assumption of the RBV theory applied in this study to argue that to account properly for the internationalisation outcomes of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the personality characteristics of the owner entrepreneurs are critical resources which cannot be ignored. Research limitations/implications – In terms of limitation, the study is exploratory study based on non-probability sampling methods using descriptive frequencies tables and analysis of chi-square test and so readers must bear this limitation in mind in interpreting the results to improve on future studies. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the empirical literature by offering a unique perspective regarding how women and men perceive and interpret export success factors and how that impacts on the internationalisation outcomes of women and men. The paper responds to calls by researchers (e.g. Terjesen et al., 2011; Ratten and Tajeddini, 2018; Kuschel and Labra, 2018; Javadian and Richards, 2020) to populate studies on the topic to deepen the present understanding. By using data from Ghana, West Africa, the study sheds a fresh insight on the topic from an under-studied and under-researched geographical context.
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    Does Organizational Support Moderate the Influence of Family–Work Conflict on Career Progression?
    (FIIB Business Review, 2022) Adu, I.N.; Twumasi, E.; Boakye, K.O.; Kyei-Frimpong, M.
    One of the major challenges faced by female employees is the difficulty in juggling between family and work roles. This affects their career progression in the organization. Therefore, this study aims at examining the buffering role of perceived organizational support in the relationship between family–work conflict and career progression. The study utilizes the quantitative research paradigm and employed the survey research design. Responses from two hundred and twenty (220) female officers of the Ghana Revenue Authority– Customs Division were analysed using Smart PLS – 3.0 and Haye’s (2017) PROCESS macro. The result of the study revealed that family–work conflict is negatively related with career progression (career goal progression, professional ability development, and promotion speed). Perceived organizational support moderated the association between family–work conflict and both professional ability development and promotion speed. However, it did not moderate the relationship between family–work conflict and career goal progression. These findings imply that for female officers to progress in the midst of family–work conflict, organizations must institute support systems and policies to reduce its impact on career progression.
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    In search of performance-oriented leadership behaviours in the Ghanaian financial service sector: the role of knowledge sharing
    (Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022) Kyei-Frimpong, M.; Adu, I.N.; Suleman, A.; Boakye, K.O.
    Purpose – This study seeks to examine the mediating role of knowledge sharing (KNS) in the nexus between leadership behaviours and organizational performance (OP). Design/methodology/approach – Using the survey research design, data were obtained from 335 employees in the Ghanaian financial service sector. Responses were analysed using IBM SPSS (v.23.0), Smart PLS 3.0 and Haye’s (2017) PROCESS macro. Findings – KNS mediated the relationship between leadership behaviours and OP. In addition, transformational leadership behaviour and transactional leadership behaviour positively relate to OP rather than transfor-sactional leadership behaviour. Practical implications – The findings of this study give credence to the disputed notion that KNS plays a significant role in effective leadership behaviours that enhances OP. Originality/value – This paper provides a distinctive approach in examining the interrelationship among leadership behaviours, OP and KNS in the Ghanaian financial service sector.