Browsing by Author "Li, Q."
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Item Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes from Curcuma phaeocaulis and Their Inhibitory Activities on Nitric Oxide Production in RAW 264.7 Cells(European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014-09) Liu, Y.; Ma, J.; Wang, Y.; Donkor, P.O.; Li, Q.; Gao, S.; Hou, Y.; Xu, Y.; Cui, J.; Ding, L.; Zhao, F.; Kang, N.; Chen, L.; Qiu, F.Eight eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes - phaeusmanes A-H (1-8) - isolated for the first time in this work, and four others (9-12) isolated for the first time from plants in this work, together with fourteen known eudesmane derivatives, were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and CD spectroscopy and HRMS. Compound 8 is the first example of a nitrogen-containing eudesmane-type sesquiterpene isolated from the genus Curcuma. Furthermore, inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. Compounds 1, 6, 10, 19, 22, and 24 showed strong inhibitory activities on NO production with IC50 values of 3.2, 4.8, 1.2, 0.8, 3.8, and 0.8 μM, respectively. Preliminary structure-activity relationships for these compounds are proposed. A possible biogenetic pathway for nitrogen-containing eudesmane-type sesquiterpene 8 is postulated. Eight new sesquiterpenes (phaeusmanes A-H), together with eighteen known analogues, were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis. Their complete structures were elucidated by NMR, MS, and CD spectroscopy. The NO inhibitory effects of the isolates are presented. A possible biogenetic pathway for N-containing eudesmane-type sesquiterpene 8 is postulated. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Item Spatio-temporal clustering analysis and its determinants of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hunan, China, 2009-2015(BioMed Central Ltd., 2017) Wu, X.; Kwaku, A.B.; Li, Q.; Luo, K.; Zhou, Y.; Tan, H.Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is one of the highest reported infectious diseases with several outbreaks across the world. This study aimed at describing epidemiological characteristics, investigating spatio-temporal clustering changes, and identifying determinant factors in different clustering areas of HFMD. Methods: Descriptive statistics was used to evaluate the epidemic characteristics of HFMD from 2009 to 2015. Spatial autocorrelation and spatio-temporal cluster analysis were used to explore the spatial temporal patterns. An autologistic regression model was employed to explore determinants of HFMD clustering. Results: The incidence rates of HFMD ranged from 54.31/10 million to 318.06/10 million between 2009 and 2015 in Hunan. Cases were mainly prevalent in children aged 5 years and even younger, with an average male-to-female sex ratio of 1.66, and two epidemic periods in each year. Clustering areas gathered in the northern regions in 2009 and in the central regions from 2010 to 2012. They moved to central-southern regions in 2013 and 2014 and central-western regions in 2015. The significant risk factors of HFMD clusters were rainfall (OR = 2.187), temperature (OR = 4.329) and humidity (OR = 2.070). The protect factor was wind speed (OR = 0.258). Conclusions: The HFMD incidence from 2009 to 2015 in Hunan showed a new spatiotemporal clustering tendency, with the shifting trend of clustering areas toward south and west. Meteorological factors showed a strong association with HFMD clustering, which may assist in predicting future spatial-temporal clusters.