Browsing by Author "Lartey, N.L."
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Item Annickia polycarpa extract attenuates inflammation, neutrophil recruitment, and colon damage during colitis(Immunology Letters, 2022) Lartey, N.L.; Vargas-Robles, H.; Guerrero-Fonseca, I.M.; Nava, P.; Kumatia, E.K.; Ocloo, A.; Schnoor, M.Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are complex inflammatory disorders of the digestive tract. Dysfunctional intestinal epithelial barrier, uncontrolled neutrophil recruitment into the colon, and oxidative stress are major features of IBD. IBD cannot be cured, but symptoms can be alleviated with anti-inflammatory drugs, which often show adverse effects. Thus, safer alternative treatment options are needed. Given the known anti-inflammatory properties of Annickia polycarpa extract (APE), we hy pothesized that APE improves the outcome of the inflammatory response during colitis. We assessed APE effects on colon histology, epithelial barrier function and neutrophil recruitment during DSS-induced colitis in mice treated with APE. APE treatment significantly reduced the disease activity index and prevented DSS-induced colon damage as evidenced by reduced colon shortening, ulcerations, crypt dysplasia, edema formation, and leukocyte infiltration. Expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly diminished in APE-treated mice. Importantly, APE administration reduced neutrophil infiltration into the lamina propria leading to reduced oxidative stress, tight junction disruption and epithelial permeability in the colon. Thus, we propose APE as additional treatment strategy to attenuate colitis symptoms and enhance life quality of individuals with IBD.Item Antidiabetic activity of aqueous stem bark extract of Annickia polycarpa in alloxan-induced diabetic mice(Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 2021) Lartey, N.L.; Asare-Anane, H.; Ofori, E.K.; Antwi, S.; Asiedu-Larbi, J.; Ayertey, F.; Okine, L.K.N.Background and aim: There is a growing need to develop new drugs for type II diabetes mellitus (DM) from plant sources due to the high cost and adverse side effects of current drug therapies. To this end, the antidiabetic activity of aqueous stem-bark extract of A. polycarpa (APE) in alloxan-induced diabetic ICR mice was investigated. Experimental procedure: The effect of APE (20, 100 and 500 mg/kg), glibenclamide and metformin as positive controls, were determined over 4 weeks on fasting blood glucose (FBG). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also conducted. The effects of these treatments on the morphology of the pancreas were assessed. In addition, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant properties of APE were determined. Results and conclusion: APE, like glibenclamide and metformin, showed significant hypoglycaemic effect. The OGTT supported the hypoglycaemic effect. The destroyed pancreatic beta-cells in diabetic control mice were restored to normal by APE or drug treatment. APE showed antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH free radicals; this may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids. Thus, APE may act by restoring pancreatic beta-cell integrity through mopping of reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with the diabetic state, and thereby improving pancreatic function and consequently, the lowering of FBG levels. These findings provide ample evidence to validate the traditional use of A. polycarpa in the management of DM. © 2021 Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University. Production and hosting by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Item Antidiabetic activity of aqueous stem bark extract of Annickia polycarpa in alloxan-induced diabetic mice(Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 2020-02-05) Okine, L.K.N.; Lartey, N.L.; Asare-Anane, H.; Ofori, E.K.; Antwi, S.; Asiedu-Larbi, J.; Ayertey, F.Background and aim: There is a growing need to develop new drugs for type II diabetes mellitus (DM) from plant sources due to the high cost and adverse side effects of current drug therapies. To this end, the antidiabetic activity of aqueous stem-bark extract of A. polycarpa (APE) in alloxan-induced diabetic ICR mice was investigated. Experimental procedure: The effect of APE (20, 100 and 500 mg/kg), glibenclamide and metformin as positive controls, were determined over 4 weeks on fasting blood glucose (FBG). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also conducted. The effects of these treatments on the morphology of the pancreas were assessed. In addition, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant properties of APE were determined. Results and conclusion: APE, like glibenclamide and metformin, showed significant hypoglycaemic effect. The OGTT supported the hypoglycaemic effect. The destroyed pancreatic beta-cells in diabetic control mice were restored to normal by APE or drug treatment. APE showed antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH free radicals; this may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids. Thus, APE may act by restoring pancreatic beta-cell integrity through mopping of reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with the diabetic state, and thereby improving pancreatic function and consequently, the lowering of FBG levels. These findings provide ample evidence to validate the traditional use of A. polycarpa in the management of DM.Item Studies Of The Antidiabetic Activity And Organ-Specific Toxicity Of Aqueous Stem Bark Extract Of Annickia Polycarpa(University of Ghana, 2016-07) Lartey, N.L.The antidiabetic effect of aqueous stem bark extract of A. polycarpa (AP) in male ICR mice and its sub-chronic toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. The effect of AP (20 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg) on fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were determined over a period of 4 weeks. An oral glucose tolerance test was also conducted over 150 min post-glucose load. Organ specific toxicity of AP (20 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg) in Sprague- Dawley rats was also studied over a period of 3 months. Serum ALP, ALT, direct bilirubin and creatinine were measured at baseline and monthly intervals thereafter. Urinalysis was performed at baseline and at termination of treatments whilst hematological analysis was conducted at termination of treatments. Blood clotting time and pentobarbital-induced sleeping time were determined at termination of treatments. Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of AP were also determined. The AP, like glibenclamide and metformin, showed significant (p<0.05) hypoglycaemic, hypotriglyceridaemic and hypocholesterolaemic effects, which may possibly be due to increased secretion of insulin as a result of restoration of the morphology of beta cells of the pancreas that had become necrotic in the diabetic mice. AP showed significant antioxidant activity relative to the standard antioxidant, BHT evidenced by its ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals. This observed antioxidant activity may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds particularly flavonoids in AP. The LD50 of AP in rats was greater than 5000 mg/kg with no observable signs of toxicity. AP showed selective organ specific toxicity of the lung in the alveolar areas which was characterized by interstitial fibrosis and alveolar septa thickening. AP had no adverse effect on the liver and kidney as shown by its lack of effect on serum ALP, ALT, direct bilirubin and creatinine and urinalysis, as well as the absence of adverse effects on the morphology of the cells of these organs. No adverse morphological effects were also observed with the heart muscle cells. AP did not also affect blood clotting time, hematological parameters and pentobarbital induced sleeping time. These results indicate that AP has significant antidiabetic activity and provides scientific evidence to validate the anecdotal evidence of its use in the management of diabetes mellitus. However, its selective toxicity to the alveolar cells of the lung is a cause for worry and, therefore, care must be taken in its use in humans.