Browsing by Author "Jia, W."
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Item Development and Validation of an Objective, Passive Dietary Assessment Method for Estimating Food and Nutrient Intake in Households in Lowand Middle-Income Countries: A Study Protocol(CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION, 2020-02-07) Steiner-Asiedu, M.; obarteh, M.L.; McCrory, M.A.; Lo, B.; Sun, M.; Sazonov, E.; Anderson, A.K.; Jia, W.; Maitland, K.; Qiu, J.; Higgins, J.A.; Baranowski, T.; Olupot-Olupot, P.; Frost, G.Malnutrition is a major concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), but the full extent of nutritional deficiencies remains unknown largely due to lack of accurate assessment methods. This study seeks to develop and validate an objective, passive method of estimating food and nutrient intake in households in Ghana and Uganda. Household members (including under-5s and adolescents) are assigned a wearable camera device to capture images of their food intake during waking hours. Using custom software, images captured are then used to estimate an individual's food and nutrient (i.e., protein, fat, carbohydrate, energy, and micronutrients) intake. Passive food image capture and assessment provides an objective measure of food and nutrient intake in real time, minimizing some of the limitations associated with self-reported dietary intake methods. Its use in LMIC could potentially increase the understanding of a population's nutritional status, and the contribution of household food intake to the malnutrition burden. This project is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03723460).Item A Novel Approach to Dining Bowl Reconstruction for Image-Based Food Volume Estimation(MDPI, 2022) Jia, W.; Ren, Y.; Li, B.; Beatrice, B.; Que, J.; Cao, S.; Wu, Z.; Mao, Z.; Lo, B.; Anderson, A.K.; Frost, G.; McCrory, M.A.; Sazonov, E.; Steiner-Asiedu, M.; Baranowski, T.; Burke, L.E.; Sun, M.Knowing the amounts of energy and nutrients in an individual’s diet is important for maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases. As electronic and AI technologies advance rapidly, dietary assessment can now be performed using food images obtained from a smartphone or a wearable device. One of the challenges in this approach is to computationally measure the volume of food in a bowl from an image. This problem has not been studied systematically despite the bowl being the most utilized food container in many parts of the world, especially in Asia and Africa. In this paper, we present a new method to measure the size and shape of a bowl by adhering a paper ruler centrally across the bottom and sides of the bowl and then taking an image. When observed from the image, the distortions in the width of the paper ruler and the spacings between ruler markers completely encode the size and shape of the bowl. A computational algorithm is developed to reconstruct the three-dimensional bowl interior using the observed distortions. Our experiments using nine bowls, colored liquids, and amorphous foods demonstrate high accuracy of our method for food volume estimation involving round bowls as containers. A total of 228 images of amorphous foods were also used in a comparative experiment between our algorithm and an independent human estimator. The results showed that our algorithm overperformed the human estimator who utilized different types of reference information and two estimation methods, including direct volume estimation and indirect estimation through the fullness of the bowl.