Browsing by Author "Bosiakoh, T.A."
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Item Differential Association Theory(Springer, Springer Science and Business Media, New York, 2012) Bosiakoh, T.A.Item Differential Association Theory and Juvenile Delinquency in Ghana’s Capital City - Accra: The Case of Ghana Borstal Institute(Academic Journals, 2010) Bosiakoh, T.A.; Andoh, P.Current sociological theories argue that, delinquency results from economic and family relational problems. Unable to have their parents meet their material needs, children turn to all sorts of activities, many of which eventually lead to delinquent acts. Other theories focus on the role of peer relationships in determining deviancy. Using Edwin Sutherland’s differential association theory, this study explores the notion that, delinquency in inmates of the Ghana Borstal Institute is a reflection of the peer groups/friendship relations they hanged out with. Data for the study were collected from the Ghana Borstal Institute, a correctional institution for reforming juvenile offenders with structured questionnaire. The findings point to the presence of Differential Association at the onset of inmate’s delinquent behaviours though circumspection is recommended in the attempts to validate differential association as the study was carried out on institutionalized, verified group of delinquent juveniles. The close relationship between differential association and delinquency may not be present in non-institutionalized juvenile offenders.Item Education and employment outcomes in Ghana through the lens of the capability approach [Scolarisation et emploi au Ghana à travers la lunette de l’approche des capabilités](Etude de la Population Africaine / Union for African Population Studies, 2014) Sarkodie, A.O.; Agyei-Mensah, S.; Anarfi, J.K.; Bosiakoh, T.A.Existing literature on education and employment confirms that in Ghana educational qualification largely influences the type of work. Through the lens of the Capability Approach, which sees human development in terms of the expansion of freedoms and opportunities, this paper identifies, for a cross-section of Ghanaians, the array of employment opportunities between and within education endowments. “Between endowments” refers to differentials in opportunities for individuals with different levels of educational qualifications, while “within endowments” considers the differentials for individuals with the same level of education. The source of data is the 2005/06 Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS5). Results show that education is not enough to erase inequalities. Multinomial regression analysis demonstrates that functionings differ according to the individual’s context, household and personal conversion factors. This is explained by inequalities in the requirements for a particular job (between educational endowments) and by job accessibility due to personal characteristics (within educational endowments). © 2014, Union for African Population Studies. All rights reserved.Item In Unity Lies Our Strength’: Exploring the Benefits and Entitlements in Nigerian Migrant Associations in Accra, Ghana(Global Journals Inc. (USA), 2012) Bosiakoh, T.A.This paper explores the benefits and entitlements due to members of three Nigerian migrant associations in Accra, Ghana. In doing this, the paper first attempts (re)tracing Nigerian presence in Ghana, and then discusses recent developments in Nigerian migration to Ghana. In the discussion on Nigerian migrant associations in Accra, Ghana, two specific issues are highlighted, namely, the profiles/activities of the associations and the benefits and entitlements due to association members and leaders. The discussions on the benefits and entitlements are grounded within the social capital framework. A number of conclusions have been reached based on the evidence of the empirical data. Abstract -This paper explores the benefits and entitlements due to members of three Nigerian migrant associations in Accra, Ghana. In doing this, the paper first attempts (re)tracing Nigerian presence in Ghana, and then discusses recent developments in Nigerian migration to Ghana. In the discussion on Nigerian migrant associations in Accra, Ghana, two specific issues are highlighted, namely, the profiles/activities of the associations and the benefits and entitlements due to association members and leaders. The discussions on the benefits and entitlements are grounded within the social capital framework. A number of conclusions have been reached based on the evidence of the empirical data.Item Leadership and Membership Structure of Migrant Associations: The Case of Nigerian Migrant Associations in Accra, Ghana(Centre for Research and Innovations, 2010) Bosiakoh, T.A.Migrant associations are a worldwide phenomenon, featuring in much of the migration studies literature. However, much of these studies focus on migrant associations in the USA mostly of Latino migrants from Central and Latin America. In Africa and more particularly Ghana, literature on migrant associations is paltry. The few that exist only explore their development impacts on the migration sending areas. In this paper, I explore three Nigerian migrant associations in Accra, Ghana. The leadership and membership structures of the Nigerian Women, Nigerian Committee of Brothers and the Edo State associations in Accra, Ghana are under the spotlight of this discourse. Data for the study were generated using multiple ethnographic methods of observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs) and informal discussions. Other data types were obtained from association minutes, and other relevant documents. The findings of the paper indicate that, the associations operate under relatively durable organisational structures with well defined tenures of leadership. Memberships of the associations are not large, ranging between a little over seventy (70) and above two hundred (200). The membership of the three associations indicate that, new migrants show higher leaning to the associations, but leadership responsibilities are mostly entrusted in the hands of older migrants. And as in all human institutions, the associations show elements of discord and schism.Item Migration and Mobility in Ghana; Trends, Issues and Emerging Research Gaps(Woeli Publishing Services, Accra, 2011) Awumbila, M.; Manuh, T.; Quartey, P.; Bosiakoh, T.A.; Addoquaye, T.C.Item Motivation and career aspirations of female students studying science at Achimota School in Accra, Ghana(Academic Journals, 2012) Andoh, P.; Bosiakoh, T.A.; Afranie, S.Accra, in terms of their motivations for pursuing science and future aspirations. It explores parental backgrounds and how they impacted on the motivations and aspirations of the girls. The survey method was adopted in this study, which involved a sample of 65 girls in the first and second years. The analysis of data revealed among others, that most of the respondents had educated parent(s), some of whom had science background. However, whereas, parents and for that matter family relations provided a source of motivation to pursue science at Senior High School (SHS), other important sources of motivation are self and teachers. The study however found that girls who intend to pursue science beyond SHS are not necessarily those whose parents studied science and that given the opportunity girls can pursue science to realize their career goals. To this extent, the paper recommends among others, that there should be provision of adequate facilities for the teaching of science in Senior High Schools. This will ensure that Science Teachers are better able to make the teaching of science as practical as possible in order to sustain the interest of students in general and female students in particular.Item Nigerian Migration to Ghana: History, Motivations and Associational Forms(Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken, Germany, 2011) Bosiakoh, T.A.Nigerian migration to Ghana dates back to the caravan period. In the first half of the 20th century, Nigerians were attracted to Ghana by the mines, cocoa plantations, and railway work. Later in the 1960s, they dominated the Ghanaian market place as traders of all manner of goods until they were expelled in 1969. For close to two decades, between 1992 and 2010, there has been a growing desire by Ghanaians towards democratic governance. Consequently, Ghana has experienced widespread immigration, mostly from the West African sub-region, and Nigeria in particular. This book explores Nigerian presence in Ghana and focuses on the history, motivations and associational forms that have emerged in the 21st century to take care of the needs of these migrants in Ghana.Item The Role of Migrant Associations in Adjustment, Integration and Social Development: The Case of Nigerian Migrant Associations in Accra, Ghana(Faculty of Integrated Development Studies, University for Development Studies, 2011) Bosiakoh, T.A.Different migration scholars have acknowledged the recent growth of migrant associations in different parts of the world. Though these associations are a worldwide phenomenon, existing literature draws mostly on those in the USA avis, Latino migrants from Central and Latin America. In Ghana and Africa generally, literature on migrant associations is paltry. Those that exist only explore their development impacts on the migration sending areas. This paper discusses evidence from three Nigerian migrant associations regarding how they help members adjust and integrate in Ghana and their developmental impacts. The paper postulates that social networks bind Nigerian migrants together in their new destinations and serve as substitutes for family relationship bonds lost as a result of migration. The associations play expert surrogate roles to ensure member adjustment and integration into Ghana. Though the associations are not direct vectors of economic development, their social activities make them useful social development agents in Ghana. Based on these, a policy case is made for integration of migrant associations into Ghanaian migration policies.Item “Shaping the family”: Individual’s capabilities to exercise reproductive rights seen through a qualitative survey [“Dessiner sa famille”. Capabilités individuelles à exercer ses droits reproductifs à la lumière d’une enquête qualitative](Etude de la Population Africaine, 2014) Sauvain-Dugerdil, C.; Bosiakoh, T.A.; Diarra, S.; Piraud, A.; Diop, S.; Anarfi, J.; Agyei-Mensah, S.We analyze here the outcome of focus group discussions and individual interviews conducted in Mali and Ghana. The aim is to identify collective images about family norms and emergence of alternative values, and to examine people’s degree of ambivalence towards norms and their ability to conceive and realize their own family plans. Discourses show that family life plans should not be seen as pre-established. Ability to shape the family appears conjectural both as regards current resources and the position in the family trajectory. In both countries, two types of resources play a key role: schooling and influence/support from the family and network. Results highlight that the least individual freedom is to be found at the start of family life and in gender power relationships; some freedom appears in the timing of fertility; while more room for individual agency characterizes youth and individuals with more personal resources and supportive surroundings. © 2014, Union for African Population Studies. All rights reserved.Item Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Migration in Ghana(Woeli Publishing Services, Accra, 2011) Awumbila, M.; Alhassan, O.; Badasu, D.; Bosiakoh, T.A.; Dankyi, E.K.Item State Policy, Depeasantization and Agrarian Change: The Effects of Presidential Special Initiative (PSI) on Cassava-Starch on Peasant Farmers’ Socio-Economic Livelihoods(Centre for Research and Innovations, 2010) Andoh, P.; Bosiakoh, T.A.This study focuses on the interface between state policy initiatives, the process of depeasantisation and agrarian change, using the Presidential Special Initiative on Cassava-Starch as a case. Employing both quantitative and qualitative data gathering techniques, primary data were collected from six farming communities in the Awutu-Effutu-Senya and Atebubu-Amantin districts of the Central and Brong Ahafo regions of Ghana. The analysis of primary data revealed that with the right policy initiatives by the state, it is possible to systematically incorporate peasant farmers into mainstream economy and to improve their socio-economic livelihoods. To this extent, the study recommends among others that given the importance of cassava to peasant farmers and its potential in both local and international markets, there should be consistent effort to promote its cultivation through extensive research and development with the view of introducing new varieties with high yields along with right agronomic practices.Item Understanding Migration Motivations in West Africa: The Case of Nigerians in Accra, Ghana(Department of Sociology, University of Ghana, 2009) Bosiakoh, T.A.Contemporary migration studies increasingly focus on intra-continental migration especially in Europe. In Africa, this interest has not been pursued even though evidence abounds in the literature to suggest the presence of intra-African migration. Explanations of the motivation for such migrations often employ the ‘economic push-pull model’. This paper interrogates the ‘economic push and pull’ argument in the migration motivation literature. It presents a range of pull factors that do not follow this conventional approach. The paper first reconstructs Nigerian presence in, and connection with Ghana, and then explores the contemporary motivating factors for Nigerian migration to Ghana. The paper argues that, contemporary Nigerian migration to Ghana is motivated by multiple factors reflecting political, economic and historical considerations. The paper concludes by arguing that a multi-factoral migration motivation interpretation appears more adequate in explaining Nigerian migration to Ghana.Item Where Should We Stay? Exploring the Options of Caring for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in Ghana(Centre for Social Policy Studies, University of Ghana, 2012) Aryeetey, E.B.-D.; Afranie, S.; Andoh, P.; Doh, D.; Bosiakoh, T.A.