Browsing by Author "Abaidoo, B."
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Item Breakfast eating habits among medical students(Ghana medical journal, 2014-06) Ackuaku-Dogbe, E.M.; Abaidoo, B.Breakfast is often thought to be the most important meal of the day as it is known to provide energy for the brain and improve learning. It is also known to contribute significantly to the total daily energy and nutrient intake. Skipping breakfast may affect performance during the rest of the day. To determine the level of breakfast skipping among medical students and its effect on their attention span and level of fatigue during clinical sessions. A descriptive cross-sectional study of breakfast eating habits among medical students at the University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu-Accra. The University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu-Accra. Questionnaires were distributed to second year (pre-clinical) medical students studying the basic sciences and clinical students in ophthalmology to be self-administered. Interview data was captured and analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. The total number of pre-clinical students recruited was 154 and clinical students 163 bringing to a total of 317 students made up of 203 males and 114 females (M: F=1.8:1). The overall breakfast skipping among the students was 71.92%. The prevalence among the pre-clinical students was 76.62% and clinical students 67.48%. Generally, breakfast skipping was significantly related to fatigue and poor attention during clinical sessions. This study suggests that the medical students, both pre-clinical and clinical, skip breakfast and this may affect their studies adversely. ]Item Incidence and risk factors of steroid-induced ocular hypertension following pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft(https://doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2023.6.4.1.448-456, 2023) Toseafa, R.D.K.; Braimah, I.Z.; Tagoe, N.N.; Abaidoo, B.; Adam, Y.S.; Dogbe, E.M.; Essuman, V.A.Background: Topical steroids are used to reduce post-operative inflammation after ocular surgery with the potential risk of ocular hypertension, glaucoma and blindness. There is a paucity of published data globally and locally on steroid-induced ocular hypertension (SiOH) post pterygium excision (PE) with conjunctival autograft (CAG). Objective: We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of SiOH post-PE with CAG in Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana. Methods: In this prospective observational study, the demographic and clinical data of patients undergoing PE with CAG were collected and analyzed. Post-operative intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured on days 1, 7, 14, 28, and 42. The cumulative incidence of SiOH (proportion of the increase in IOP ≥ 10mm Hg at six weeks compared to baseline) and mean change in IOP from baseline were computed. Risk factors of SiOH were determined using a multiple logistic regression model. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used in estimating the median time to develop SiOH. Results: Overall, 101 patients participated in this study with a mean age of 46.8 ± 11.9 years. The majority (65.3%, n= 66/101) of participants were females. The mean pre-operative IOP in the study eyes was 15.3 ± 3.0 mm Hg. The overall mean post-operative IOP was 18.6 ± 2.8 mm Hg (p = 0.001). The overall incidence of SiOH six weeks post-PE with CAG was 32.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 23.7 - 42.7%). Male sex was the only independent factor associated with the development of SiOH [odds ratio (OR) = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.1 - 9.7; p = 0.032]. The median time to develop SiOH was 42 days (95% CI = 37.1 - 46.9 days, p = 0.022). Conclusion: The study showed that SiOH post-PE is a common complication with an overall six-weeks post-excision incidence of 32.7%. Males are more likely to develop SiOH after PE with CAG. Patients undergoing PE with CAG should be closely monitored postoperatively to prevent complications associated with prolonged raised IOP.Item Morbidity and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents in Ghana: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study(2021) Essuman, V.A.; Tagoe, N.N.; Akpalu, J.; Essuman, A.; Sackey, A.H.; Hayfron-Benjamin, C.F.; Asare, G.; Abaidoo, B.; A.G.B. Amoah; Ndanu, T.; Ofori-Adjei, I.D.B.; N.A. Barnes; Appiah-Thompson, B.L.; Amoaku, W.M.Background: Diabetes is associated with premature morbidity and mortality from its many complications. There are limited data on the chronic complications of diabetes in children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: The study aims to determine the (1) burden and related factors of chronic systemic complications of diabetes, including diabetic and nondiabetic ocular conditions in children and adolescents, and (2) quality of life (QoL) of participants compared to healthy controls. This manuscript describes the study methodology. Methods: Demographic information, medical history, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory characteristics were collected, and the participants were screened for microvascular and macrovascular complications as well as nondiabetic ocular disease. QoL questionnaires were administered to participants, their caregivers, and controls. Participants were followed up annually up to 3 years to determine the natural history of and trends in these conditions. SPSS Version 25.0 will be used for data analysis. Continuous and categorical data will be presented as mean (SD) and as percentages (%), respectively. t tests and analysis of variance will be used to compare means, and chi-square tests will be used to compare categorical data. Correlation, regression, and logistic regression analyses will be employed to establish linear associations and causal associations as appropriate. Relative risk and odds ratios will be used to estimate risk. QoL outcomes in Ghanaian children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus compared with caregivers and healthy controls will be assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life inventory. Significance will be set at α=.05. Results: Institutional approval from the Ethical and Protocol Review Committee of the University of Ghana Medical School was received on August 22, 2014 (Protocol Identification Number: MS-Et/M.12-P4.5/2013-2014). Funding for the project was received from the University of Ghana Research Fund (#UGRF/9/LMG-013/2015-2016) in March 2016. Patient recruitment, clinical examination, and data collection commenced in August 2016 and was completed in September 2019. A total of 58 children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus have been recruited. Blood samples were stored at –80 °C for analysis, which was completed at the end of July 2020. Data analysis is ongoing and will be completed by the end of December 2020. Investigators plan to submit the results for publication by the end of February 2021. Conclusions: The prevalence, natural history, trends in diabetic complications and nondiabetic ocular disease, and QoL will be provided. Our data may inform policies and interventions to improve care given to children and adolescents with diabetes.Item Occupational hearing loss of market mill workers in the city of Accra, Ghana(Noise and Health, 2014-05) Kitcher, E.; Ocansey, G.; Abaidoo, B.; Atule, A.Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is an irreversible sensorineural hearing loss associated with exposure to high levels of excessive noise. Prevention measures are not well established in developing countries. This comparative cross sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in both a group of high risk workers and a control group and to assess their knowledge of the effects of noise on hearing health. A total of 101 market mill workers and 103 controls employed within markets in the city of Accra, Ghana, were evaluated using a structured questionnaire and pure tone audiometry. The questionnaire assessed factors including self-reported hearing loss, tinnitus, knowledge on the effects of noise on hearing health and the use of hearing protective devices. Pure tone audiometric testing was conducted for both mill workers and controls. Noise levels at the work premises of the mill workers and controls were measured. Symptoms of hearing loss were reported by 24 (23.76%) and 8 (7.7%) mill workers and controls respectively. Fifty-five (54.5%) and fifty-four (52.37%) mill workers and controls exhibited knowledge of the effects of noise on hearing health. Five (5.0%) mill workers used hearing protective devices. There was significant sensorineural hearing loss and the presence of a 4 kHz audiometric notch among mill workers when compared with controls for the mean thresholds of 2 kHz, 3 kHz and 4 kHz (P = 0. 001). The prevalence of hearing loss in the better hearing ears of the mill workers and controls was 24.8% and 4.8% respectively (P < 0.5). The prevalence of hearing loss, which may be characteristic of NIHL in the better hearing ears of the mill workers and controls was 24.8% and 4.8% respectively. The majority of mill workers did not use hearing protection.Item Quality of life outcomes of adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep disorders: our experience in a Tertiary Care Centre in Ghana(West African journal of medicine, 2013-08) Kitcher, E.D.; Searyoh, K.; Abaidoo, B.RESULTS: Thirty-one children with a mean age of 5.08 ± 0.95 years were seen. The mean OSA-18 preoperative score for Study1 was 4.27 ± 0.27; the mean OSA 18 post operative scores for Study1 and Study 2 were 1.93 ± 0.25 and 1.78 ±0.31 respectively. There was a significant reduction in the mean post operative OSA 18 score for both studies compared to the corresponding preoperative mean score (p-value = 0.001). The mean postoperative overall quality of life scoresfor Study 1 and Study2 were 8.52 ± 0.53 and 7.68 ± 1.06 respectively.CONCLUSION: There was significant improvement in long term quality of life outcomes following adenotonsillectomy for OSDs.METHODS: The subjects for this study were cohort of children who were part of a study named Study1 carried out at E.N.T. Unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra. These children had adenotonsillectomy for OSDs and their quality of life were evaluated preoperatively and again four to six weeks post operatively using Obstructive Sleep Apnoea 18 (OSA 18 ) questionnaire; a quality of life assessment tool. Thirty five children who were at least nine months post adenotonsillectomy were invited to a follow up E.N.T.clinic for the current study named Study 2 and their quality of life were again evaluated using OSA 18 questionnaire.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Obstructive Sleep Disorders (OSDs) impacts negatively on the quality of life of children. However the long term outcomes of adenoton-sillectomy remain unknown. The aims and objectives of this study was to assess the long term quality of life of Ghanaian children withRESULTS: Thirty-one children with a mean age of 5.08 ± 0.95 years were seen. The mean OSA-18 preoperative score for Study1 was 4.27 ± 0.27; the mean OSA 18 post operative scores for Study1 and Study 2 were 1.93 ± 0.25 and 1.78 ±0.31 respectively. There was a significant reduction in the mean post operative OSA 18 score for both studies compared to the corresponding preoperative mean score (p-value = 0.001). The mean postoperative overall quality of life scoresfor Study 1 and Study2 were 8.52 ± 0.53 and 7.68 ± 1.06 respectively.CONCLUSION: There was significant improvement in long term quality of life outcomes following adenotonsillectomy for OSDs.METHODS: The subjects for this study were cohort of children who were part of a study named Study1 carried out at E.N.T. Unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra. These children had adenotonsillectomy for OSDs and their quality of life were evaluated preoperatively and again four to six weeks post operatively using Obstructive Sleep Apnoea 18 (OSA 18 ) questionnaire; a quality of life assessment tool. Thirty five children who were at least nine months post adenotonsillectomy were invited to a follow up E.N.T.clinic for the current study named Study 2 and their quality of life were again evaluated using OSA 18 questionnaire.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Obstructive Sleep Disorders (OSDs) impacts negatively on the quality of life of children. However the long term outcomes of adenoton-sillectomy remain unknown. The aims and objectives of this study was to assess the long term quality of life of Ghanaian children with OSDs undergoing adenotonsillectomy.