Predictors and pathways of language and motor development in four prospective cohorts of young children in Ghana, Malawi, and Burkina Faso
dc.contributor.author | Prado, E.L. | |
dc.contributor.author | Abbeddou, S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Adu-Afarwuah, S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Arimond, M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ashorn, P. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ashorn, U. | |
dc.contributor.author | Bendabenda, J. | |
dc.contributor.author | Brown, K.H. | |
dc.contributor.author | Hess, S.Y. | |
dc.contributor.author | Kortekangas, E. | |
dc.contributor.author | Lartey, A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Maleta, K. | |
dc.contributor.author | Oaks, B.M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ocansey, E. | |
dc.contributor.author | Okronipa, H. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ouédraogo, J.B. | |
dc.contributor.author | Pulakka, A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Somé, J.W. | |
dc.contributor.author | Stewart, C.P. | |
dc.contributor.author | Stewart, R.C. | |
dc.contributor.author | Vosti, S.A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Yakes Jimenez, E. | |
dc.contributor.author | Dewey, K.G. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-02-06T12:09:38Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-02-06T12:09:38Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2017-11 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Previous reviews have identified 44 risk factors for poor early child development (ECD) in low- and middle-income countries. Further understanding of their relative influence and pathways is needed to inform the design of interventions targeting ECD. Methods: We conducted path analyses of factors associated with 18-month language and motor development in four prospective cohorts of children who participated in trials conducted as part of the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS) Project in Ghana (n = 1,023), Malawi (n = 675 and 1,385), and Burkina Faso (n = 1,122). In two cohorts, women were enrolled during pregnancy. In two cohorts, infants were enrolled at 6 or 9 months. In multiple linear regression and structural equation models (SEM), we examined 22 out of 44 factors identified in previous reviews, plus 12 additional factors expected to be associated with ECD. Results: Out of 42 indicators of the 34 factors examined, 6 were associated with 18-month language and/or motor development in 3 or 4 cohorts: child linear and ponderal growth, variety of play materials, activities with caregivers, dietary diversity, and child hemoglobin/iron status. Factors that were not associated with child development were indicators of maternal Hb/iron status, maternal illness and inflammation during pregnancy, maternal perceived stress and depression, exclusive breastfeeding during 6 months postpartum, and child diarrhea, fever, malaria, and acute respiratory infections. Associations between socioeconomic status and language development were consistently mediated to a greater extent by caregiving practices than by maternal or child biomedical conditions, while this pattern for motor development was not consistent across cohorts. Conclusions: Key elements of interventions to ensure quality ECD are likely to be promotion of caregiver activities with children, a variety of play materials, and a diverse diet, and prevention of faltering in linear and ponderal growth and improvement in child hemoglobin/iron status. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. | en_US |
dc.identifier.other | doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12751 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/27289 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines | en_US |
dc.subject | Growth | en_US |
dc.subject | iLiNS Project | en_US |
dc.subject | Language development | en_US |
dc.subject | Lipid-based nutrient supplements | en_US |
dc.subject | Low- and middle-income countries | en_US |
dc.subject | Motor development | en_US |
dc.subject | Nutrition | en_US |
dc.subject | Risk factors | en_US |
dc.subject | Stimulation | en_US |
dc.title | Predictors and pathways of language and motor development in four prospective cohorts of young children in Ghana, Malawi, and Burkina Faso | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
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