Efficacy of the Multiple-Layer Hermetic Storage Bag for Biorational Management Of primary Beetle Pests of Stored Maize

Abstract

This paper reviews the destructive effects of Prostephanus truncatus and Sitophilus zeamais on maize grain and the effectiveness of the triple-layer hermetic bag storage system as a control measure. Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important cereal in Ghana and is the staple food for over 90% of the population. The availability and safety of this important food crop is threatened by insect pests, rodents and fungal attacks due to inappropriate storage methods. Infestation by insect pests accounts for between 20 to 50% of post-harvest losses in maize. Pesticides and other artificial gaseous techniques are no longer acceptable due to food quality and environmental related issues. In the light of the foregoing, the hermetic storage techniques have recently been revisited as a way to control insect pest and other microbial attack in maize grain. The system creates an air tight environment to rapidly exterminate insect development and suppress micro flora activity. A recent development is the invention of the triple layer hermetic bag using biodegradable plastic materials. This is being investigated to determine its efficiency as a storage technique that prevents insect attack and yields product with good food quality and market acceptability. Quantitative figures are needed about the current distribution and losses caused by insect pests especially P. truncatus and S. zeamais. There is also the need to fill the knowledge gaps and provide adequate information needed to inform decisions for the use of the use of hermetic storage technology and its further refinement.