Parents’ Perspectives On The Quality Of Life Of Adolescents Living With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Study In The Accra Metropolis.

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder remains one of the growing public health conditions that have devastating effects on the wellbeing and quality of life of adolescents. Using the quality of life model by Betty Ferrel propounded in 1996 as an organizing framework, this study investigates the parents‘ perspectives on the quality of life of adolescents living with autism .The objectives which are based on the constructs of the model were investigated including the physical wellbeing, social wellbeing, psychological wellbeing and spiritual wellbeing. The study was an exploratory descriptive study involving 13 participants in the Accra metropolis. With the consent of the participants, data was collected using a semi structured interview guide. The responses were recorded, transcribed, coded and subsequently into subthemes and themes. A thematic content analysis revealed (5) themes and (17) subthemes. According to this study findings, adolescents with autism were found to have low quality of physical wellbeing. They were not physically independent, suffered other conditions as result of autism and could not perform basic life functions without assistance. They had a good social wellbeing evident by their cordial relationship with their peers and relatives at the same time they had poor oral communication. Adolescents with autism were found to have reduced psychological wellbeing. They are moody, irritated, isolated at times, interactive and sometimes aggressive. Furthermore, adolescents with autism had improved spiritual wellbeing and could engage in religious activities. Also, there were no support systems thus recreational centers, job opportunities and educational support. Muslim respondents were not available for this study due to their cultural beliefs, children with Autism in the Muslim community were taken to the villages and left there. This gab should be researched in the future. In conclusion, the public should be sensitized and educated on Autism spectrum disorder and government as well as non- governmental organizations should provide training and educational support for autistic adolescents.