Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Among Children Under Five Years in Ghana

dc.contributor.authorIbrahim, A-M.
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-04T11:22:36Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionMPH. Health Economics
dc.description.abstractBackground: Streptococcus pneumonia is responsible for 18% of infant deaths in Ghana. With co-financing from Gavi in 2012, Ghana introduced the PCV13 into the childhood immunisation programme to reduce the burden of Streptococcus pneumonia. However, Ghana graduated to the Gavi accelerated transition phase in 2021, which spans five years before the nation assume full responsibility of paying for the PCV13. This research aims to evaluate the health effects and cost-effectiveness of PCV13 immunisation in Ghana since its implementation and after the cessation of support from Gavi. Methods: This study utilized the UNIVAC tool to evaluate two main scenarios of cost effectiveness, from vaccine introduction (2012 – 2025) and after Gavi transition (2026 – 2031) in comparison with no vaccination. The sources of data include national data, international estimates and expert opinion. Cost was considered from the perspectives of both the government and society. Health outcomes were discounted at three percent and currency values were stated in US Dollars with 2022 Cedis equivalence. The robustness of the base case results was tested by performing sensitivity analysis. Results: PCV13 will reduce the pneumococcal disease burden by 48% from 2012 to 2031. The vaccination programme costs are USD 130 million and USD 275 million in 2012 – 2025 and 2026 – 2031 respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios are USD 89 and USD 73 from the perspectives of government and society respectively in 2012 – 2025. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios are USD 530 and USD 510 respectively from the perspectives of government and society in 2026 – 2031. Conclusion: The PCV13 vaccination programme in Ghana is highly cost-effective under any cost-effectiveness threshold even when Ghana does not benefit from Gavi co-financing from 2026 onwards.
dc.identifier.urihttps://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/42793
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherUniversity of Ghana
dc.subjectPneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV)
dc.subjectChildren Under Five Years
dc.subjectGhana
dc.titleCost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Among Children Under Five Years in Ghana
dc.typeThesis

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