Experiences of LGBTQ Community Members During Utilisation of Healthcare Services in Accra Metropoplis

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) individuals experience higher rates of mental health disorders and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV, and substance abuse compared to their heterosexual counterparts. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of LGBTQ community members during utilisation of healthcare services in Accra Metropolis. The Andersen's health utilisation (AHU) model was used as an organising guide for this study. This qualitative study adopted an exploratory descriptive design. Fifteen (15) LGBTQ community members who met the inclusion criteria within the Accra Metropolis were purposively selected. Data was collected by means of face-to face and phone interviews using a pretested semi structured interview guide. The study adopted Braun and Clarks‘ reflexive thematic analysis approach in analysing the data. six (6) themes were generated and include the following; Patterns of healthcare utilisation among the LGBTQ community, Health challenges of the LGBTQ community, Facilitators of healthcare utilisation, Barriers to healthcare utilisation, life experiences of the LGBTQ community and recommendations for improved healthcare access. The study found STIs, and mental health issues to be of health concern and negative experiences including discriminations and services denial, while negative provider attitude and financial constraints present major barriers to healthcare. Considering the findings of the study, development of inclusive and non-discriminatory healthcare policies was recommended for implementation by the Ghana Health service to enhance healthcare access by this minority population in Ghana