Determinants of Shisha Smoking among Students at the University of Ghana

Abstract

Background: Shisha smoking has gained popularity among university students globally, despite its associated health risks. In Ghana, there is limited research on the factors influencing its use among university students. This study examines the factors associated with shisha smoking among students at the University of Ghana. Aim: To assess the factors associated with the use of Shisha by students at the University of Ghana Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among University of Ghana students using a structured questionnaire. The study assessed socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, and behavioural factors associated with shisha smoking. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression analyses and chi-square tests were performed to determine associations between shisha smoking and various factors. Results: Out of the total respondents, 54.1% were male, and 79% were aged 20-29 years. The proportion of students who smoke shisha was 14.3%, with 11.1% of smokers reporting previous shisha use. Knowledge of shisha smoking was generally high, with 84.5% of students demonstrating good knowledge. However, 65% believed that shisha is healthier than cigarette smoking. Factors significantly associated with shisha smoking included educational level, marital status, and parental background. Second year and postgraduate students had lower odds of smoking shisha, while students with divorced parents were more likely to engage in shisha smoking. Conclusion: Shisha smoking is prevalent among University of Ghana students, despite their high level of knowledge about its risks. Misconceptions regarding its safety persist, indicating the need for targeted health education. Preventive measures should focus on addressing social and demographic influences, particularly parental background and academic level, to reduce shisha smoking among university students.