Pharmacogenetics and rational drug use around the world
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Abstract
The WHO embraces evidence-based medicine to formulate an essential medicines list (EML) considering disease prevalence, drug efficacy, drug safety and cost-effectiveness. The EML is used by developing countries to build a national formulary. As pharmacogenetics in developed countries evolves, the Pharmacogenetics for Every Nation Initiative (PGENI) convened with representatives from China, Mexico, Ghana and South Africa in August 2009 to evaluate the use of human pharmacogenetics to enhance global drug use policy. The diseases causing mortality, the lack of integration of pharmacovigilance at the national formulary level, the pharmacogenetics research agenda and pharmacogenetics clinician education did not differ greatly among the countries. While there are many unanswered questions, systematically incorporating pharmacogenetics at the national formulary level promises to improve global drug use.
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EMTREE drug terms: abacavir; beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent; carbamazepine; codeine; cytochrome P450 2D6; HLA B57 antigen; isoniazid; tamoxifen, EMTREE medical terms: breast cancer; drug acetylation; drug choice; drug disposition; drug efficacy; drug formulary; drug hypersensitivity; drug metabolism; drug safety; drug surveillance program; drug use; education program; evidence based medicine; genetic polymorphism; genetic variability; genotype; health care access; human; hypertension; liver toxicity; medical decision making; mortality; pain; pharmacogenetics; review; tuberculosis, MeSH: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Developing Countries; Drug Therapy; Evidence-Based Medicine; Health Policy; Humans; Pharmacogenetics; Population Groups; World Health Organization
Citation
Roederer, M. W., Sanchez-Giron, F., Kalideen, K., Kudzi, W., McLeod, H. L., & Zhang, W. (2011). Pharmacogenetics and rational drug use around the world. Pharmacogenomics, 12(6), 897-905.