Marmesin isolated from Celtis durandii Engl. root bioactive fraction inhibits β-hematin formation and contributes to antiplasmodial activity

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dc.contributor.authorEzenyi, I.C.
dc.contributor.authorChirawurah, J.D.
dc.contributor.authorErhunse, N.
dc.contributor.authorAgrawal, P.
dc.contributor.authorSahal, D.
dc.contributor.authorIjoli, J.O.
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-23T12:31:44Z
dc.date.available2023-08-23T12:31:44Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionResearch Articleen_US
dc.description.abstractEthnopharmacological relevance: Malaria is a leading cause of death in many developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria is endowed with an abundance of medicinal plants, many of which are used to treat malaria. Celtis durandii Engl. is one such plant used as a traditional antimalarial remedy in southeast Nigeria. However, its antiplasmodial potential is poorly explored. Aim of the study: The study aimed at identifying the antiplasmodial components of C. durandii root extract through antiplasmodial activity-guided fractionation. Materials and methods: Dichloromethane/methanol mixture extract (1:1 v/v) of C. durandii root was prepared and partitioned against water to obtain the organic phase, which was further separated by column chromatography into nine (C1 – C9) fractions. The antiplasmodial activity was evaluated by in vitro screening of the different fractions against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Further purification of the active column fractions resulted in a potent anti-Plasmodial compound that was subsequently investigated for its effect on β-hematin formation. Additionally, the isolated compound was characterized and identified as marmesin using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: Celtis durandii root extract exhibited promising antiplasmodial activity {IC50 (μg/ml) 5.92, 6.04, and 6.92} against PfW2mef, PfINDO, and Pf3D7 respectively. Pooled fractions with good antiplasmodial activity {IC50 (μg/ml) Pf3D7: 3.99; PfINDO: 2.24} and selectivity for the parasites (SI: 21) yielded a compound that was fourteen-fold potent in antiplasmodial activity against Pf3D7(IC50: 0.28 μg/ml). It also inhibited β-hematin formation with an IC50 = 150 μM. Further studies using spectral data, literature, and chemical databases identified the purified compound as marmesin. Conclusion: This work has demonstrated that Celtis durandii root extract has good antiplasmodial activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant P. falciparum. The inhibition of β-hematin formation by marmesin accounts in part for this activity.en_US
dc.identifier.otherhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2023.116804
dc.identifier.urihttp://ugspace.ug.edu.gh:8080/handle/123456789/39810
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Ethnopharmacologyen_US
dc.subjectAntiplasmodialen_US
dc.subjectCeltis durandiien_US
dc.subjectMalariaen_US
dc.subjectMarmesinen_US
dc.titleMarmesin isolated from Celtis durandii Engl. root bioactive fraction inhibits β-hematin formation and contributes to antiplasmodial activityen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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