Sleep Habits and Road Traffic Accident Risk among Long Distance Drivers at Circle Transport Yard

Abstract

Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are a significant public health problem with a global distribution; it disparately affects the vulnerable in society particularly in developing countries. Obstructive sleep apnea and shift worker syndrome have been widely researched as a risk factor for Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). This study seeks to assess the association between sleep habits and Road Traffic Accident Risk. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used to assess this association. Drivers who consented to be a part of the study self-reported their accident history as well as an assessment of their obstructive sleep apnea risk. Their perceptions on sleep, drowsy driving and road traffic accidents were obtained through focus group discussions and in depth interviews with key informants. Result: The prevalence of ―high risk‖ for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome as assessed using the Apnea Risk Evaluation System [ARES] questionnaire was 12.8%. The prevalence of road traffic accidents due to human error was 7.9%. Sleep related accidents were reported among 1.5% of drivers. There was no association between ―high risk‖ for OSAS and accident risk. (P=0.314). The practices to prevent drowsy driving differed between two groups of driver’s stations. Conclusion: The ARES questionnaire will be useful in clinic assessment of patients presenting with sleep related complaints. Engaging the management of driver’s stations, as key stakeholders will be key in community based interventions among drivers.