In-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory properties of extracts and isolates of Pangdahai
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Phytomedicine Plus
Abstract
Background: : Pangdahai (matured, ripened, and dried seeds of Scaphium affine (Mast.) Pierre) is widely used in
managing several diseases in countries like China, Vietnam, Japan, and India. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the crude extracts (ethanol and aqueous) and isolated compounds of Pangdahai.
Methods:: Xylene-induced ear edema in mice, carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, and nitric oxide (NO)
assay were used to evaluate and screen the crude extracts and isolated compounds from the ethanolic extracts of
Pangdahai. TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the tissues of rat foot and ear were determined by ELISA. The cytotoxicity of
the isolated compounds was also determined by MTT assay. Molecular docking studies using targets involved in
the inflammatory process were also used to further evaluate the compounds.
Results: : Both aqueous and ethanol extracts demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effect and markedly
attenuated vascular permeability in mice induced by acetic acid in a dose-independent manner. The ethanol
extract also significantly inhibited levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Four (4) compounds exhibited significant inhibitory
effects on NO release without cytotoxicity on RAW 264.7 macrophage. These compounds also showed good
binding affinities for COX-2, PLA2, IRAK-4 and NIK.
Conclusions: This study validates, provides scientific evidence and justification for the use of the aqueous de coctions of Pangdahai in pharyngitis traditionally. (+) – Pinoresinol, tiliroside, Z-caffeic acid, and 3,4-dihydrox ybenzoic acid (protocatechuic acid) isolated from Pangdahai showed anti-inflammatory activities, which might
be responsible for the actions of Pangdahai. Tiliroside showed a high binding affinity comparable to the native
ligands of inflammatory mediators.
Description
Research Article
Keywords
Pangdahai, Anti-inflammation, Cytotoxicity, Secondary metabolites