Development Of Appropriate In Vivo Technique For Rapid Field Multiplication Of Plantain (Musa Aab) Using Coconut (Cocos Nucifera L.) Water And Indole-3-Acetic Acid
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Date
2020
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African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development
Abstract
Plantain production in Ghana is challenged by inadequate healthy and uniform-sized
planting materials for cultivation. In vitro and rapid field multiplication techniques of
plantains have been developed to overcome the problem of obtaining many vigorous and
uniform suckers free from pests and diseases. However, in vitro techniques require
expensive equipment and expertise that are unavailable to most plantain farmers in
Ghana. Therefore, an appropriate and inexpensive technique has to be developed in vivo
to increase the multiplication rate of plantain planting materials. This study investigated
the effects of coconut water (CW) alone or in combination with varying concentrations
of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) on axillary bud initiation, growth, and development
of plantain (cv. Asamienu). Coconut water from fully matured dried fruits (13 months
old) was supplemented with three different indole-3-acetic acid concentrations, 10-4 M,
10-3 M, and 10-2 M to produce five different coconut water: IAA ratios (v:v), viz: 8:0,
6:2, 4:4, 2:6, 0:8. Distilled water was used as control. These treatment solutions were
then injected into the base of developing suckers of plantain. Three weeks after injection
treatments, the highest number of well-differentiated buds was obtained from 2 ml
of coconut water and 6 ml of 10-2 M IAA (2:6 ratio). Eight ml of coconut water alone (8:0
ratio) also produced the highest number of fully differentiated plantlets. One month after
the application of the bud manipulation technique, the highest number of additional well-differentiated axillary buds and fully developed plantlets were produced with 2 ml
coconut water plus 6 ml 10-2 M IAA and 4 ml coconut water plus 4 ml 10-2 M IAA,
respectively. The study generally showed that treatments with coconut water from fully
matured dried fruits alone produced the largest and the most vigorously growing
plantlets. On the other hand, coconut water from fully matured dried fruit combined with
IAA induced significant proliferation of axillary bud and shoot formation of plantain
significantly over the control treatment. These findings demonstrated the potential of
using coconut water from fully matured dried fruits alone or in combination with IAA at
ratios of (2:6) and (4:4) to improve the multiplication rate of plantain planting materials.
Description
Research Article
Keywords
coconut water, indole-3-acetic acid, plantain, axillary buds, multiplication rate, in vivo