The Role of International Organizations in Global Health Governance: A Case Study of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Ghana.

Abstract

This study examines the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in global health governance, with a focus on its interventions in Ghana. It aims to analyse the WHO’s role in shaping global health policies, identify key initiatives implemented in Ghana, and assess their impact on health outcomes. The study is guided by Global Health Theory. Using a qualitative research design, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with eight health sector stakeholders and supported with secondary data from WHO reports and academic literature. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data. The findings show that the WHO plays a key coordinating and advisory role in global health governance by setting standards, providing technical support, and strengthening health systems. Major initiatives implemented in Ghana include the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, and regulatory capacity-building programmes. These interventions have contributed to improved immunisation coverage, disease control, and strengthened regulatory systems. The study concludes that WHO remains an important partner in improving Ghana’s health system and recommends stronger collaboration, sustainable financing, and greater national ownership of health programmes to ensure long-term effectiveness.