Drug resistance mutations and viral load in human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and dual HIV-1/HIV-2 infected patients in Ghana
dc.contributor.author | Abana, C.Z. | |
dc.contributor.author | Sagoe, K.W.C. | |
dc.contributor.author | Bonney, E.Y. | |
dc.contributor.author | Maina, E.K. | |
dc.contributor.author | Aziati, I.D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Agbosu, E. | |
dc.contributor.author | Mawuli, G. | |
dc.contributor.author | Styer, L.M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ishikawa, K. | |
dc.contributor.author | Brandful, J.A.M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Ampofo, W.K. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-05-22T09:20:23Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-05-22T09:20:23Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2019-02 | |
dc.description.abstract | Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and drug resistance studies worldwide have focused almost exclusively on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). As a result, there is limited information on ART and drug resistance in HIV-2 patients. In Ghana, the HIV epidemic is characterized by the domination of HIV-1, with cocirculating HIV-2. We, therefore, sought to determine viral load and drug resistance mutations in HIV-2 patients to inform the clinical management of such individuals in Ghana. We used purposive sampling to collect blood from 16 consented patients, confirmed as HIV-2 or HIV-1/2 dual infections by serology. A 2-step real-time RT-PCR assay was used to determine plasma HIV-2 RNA viral loads. For drug resistance testing, nucleic acids were extracted from plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The reverse transcriptase and protease genes of HIV-2 were amplified, sequenced and analyzed for drug resistance mutations and HIV-2 group. HIV-2 viral load was detected in 9 of 16 patients. Six of these had quantifiable viral loads (range: 2.62–5.45 log IU/mL) while 3 had viral loads below the limit of quantification. Sequences were generated from 7 out of 16 samples. Five of these were classified as HIV-2 group B and 2 as HIV-2 group A. HIV-2 drug resistance mutations (M184V, K65R, Y115F) were identified in 1 patient. This study is the first to report HIV-2 viral load and drug resistance mutations in HIV-2 strains from Ghana. The results indicate the need for continuous monitoring of drug resistance among HIV-2- infected patients to improve their clinical management. | en_US |
dc.identifier.other | http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000014313 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/30187 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Medicine | en_US |
dc.subject | Antiretroviral therapy | en_US |
dc.subject | Drug resistance | en_US |
dc.subject | HIV-2 | en_US |
dc.subject | Mutation | en_US |
dc.subject | Viral load | en_US |
dc.title | Drug resistance mutations and viral load in human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and dual HIV-1/HIV-2 infected patients in Ghana | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
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