Production and characterization of titanium doped electrolytic manganese dioxide for use in rechargeable alkaline zinc/manganese dioxide batteries

Abstract

A preliminary screening test of some organo-titanium compounds was conducted. The aim was to find their chemical stability in the electrolyte used for manganese dioxide production. Titanium doped electrolytic manganese dioxide (Ti-EMD) samples were prepared using suitable organo-titanium compounds and a special fine-grained titanium dioxide. The Ti-EMD samples were characterized by conducting physical, chemical and electrochemical tests on them. Physical tests included: X-ray diffraction analysis and BET surface area determination. Chemical test conducted was the determination of titanium content of samples. The electrochemical characterization involved: cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic discharge and application of sample in real cell situations. Doped samples performed well in comparison with TOSOH-Hellas GH-S (commercial battery grade electrolytic manganese dioxide).