Determinants Of Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Women Attending Child Welfare Clinics In Tarkwa-Nsuaem
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Date
2022-06
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University Of Ghana
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatitis B is an infection of major public health concern with serious chronic sequela potentially preventable with the right resources and strategies. Apart childhood immunization, at-risk adult populations are encouraged to be immunised to curtail the morbidity and mortality effects. Despite the administration of birth dose vaccine and immunoglobulin, there still exists some risk of contracting HBV and developing chronic hepatitis B. This research sought to identify factors associated with vaccination among post-delivery women to inform policies and strategies to help eliminate hepatitis among expectant and post-delivery mothers.
Objective: The study sort to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination amongst women attending child-welfare services in Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality.
Methods: This was a quantitative cross sectional analytical study conducted in Tarkwa-Nsuaem involving women attending CWCs. Questionnaires were administered to a total of 423 women selected from 11 health facilities and data collected was analysed using Stata/IC 16.1. Appropriate measures of centrality and dispersion were calculated for numerical data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed in addition to the descriptive statistics to determine associations and predictors of the hepatitis B vaccination.
Results: Nearly all (92.2%) respondents had ever tested for Hepatitis B (self-report) with a positive result of 11.4%. About 29.1% of the respondents indicated that they had had at least a dose of Hepatitis vaccination yet only 10.6% had completed (self-report) their vaccination (3doses). More than half (64.1%) and greater than three quarters (79.1%) of CWC attendants had good knowledge and attitude to hepatitis B respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination was significantly higher by 6.80 times among women who had had tertiary education as compared to those who had had no formal education. Similarly, a unit increase in the number of CWC visits significantly increased the odds of complete hepatitis B vaccination by 14%. There was a 79% reduction in the odds of complete vaccination by CWC attendants when they were attended to by CHN as compared to midwives/nurses.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of hepatitis B infection was recorded among women attending CWCs in Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality. Two-thirds of mothers were unvaccinated with only a tenth having completed vaccination. Maternal educational level, the cadre of health care provider (HCP) and number of visits to CWC greatly influenced a woman’s full Hepatitis B vaccination.
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Keywords
Tarkwa-Nsuaem, Hepatitis B, Vaccination, Women, Clinics, Child Welfare