Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Infection Among Admitted Patients at the Kaneshie Polyclinic in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus infections is one of the nearly all mutual virus in the current humanity and absolute through the World Health Organization as solitary of the peak ten killers. The disease infection be creditworthy in support of roughly 1.5 million deaths globally every year, two thirds of which be dimensioned toward main hepatic carcinoma subsequent hepatitis b virus disease. On 360 million public be inveterately polluted through Hepatitis b virus. These inveterately polluted people be in upper threat of death from Hepatitis b virus-referred liver malignancy before cirrhosis near roughly 25% also larger than 4 million latest severe medical cases happen. Objectives: This work was intended to determine the burden of HBV infection and its associated risk factors among patients at the Kaneshie polyclinic. Methods: The study was conducted at the Kaneshie Polyclinic, which is government owned, providing general/specialist health services. It is located in Accra, and is NHIS accredited. A cross-sectional study with a quantitative method was used, aimed at exploring and describing the various factors influencing the Hepatitis b virus infection among patients at the Kaneshie Polyclinic. Test for the HBsAg was done in the clinic using Rapid Test™ HBsAg ELISA kits (Los Angeles-based Diagnostic Automation/Cortez Diagnostics,In). Blood samples was obtained from all the 314 admitted patients for serological test for HBsAg. Blood was obtained from each participant under aseptic procedure using lancet by simply pricking the left thumb of participants. STATA IC version 16 was used to analyze the data. Frequency and percentages were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, possible route factors and knowledge of participants on hepatitis B infection. Results: It was detected that, 14.4% (n=45) tested positive, 81.8% (n=256) tested negative whilst 3.8% (n=12) test results came up inconclusive. None of the admitted patients who had been vaccinated against hepatitis B were tested positive compared to the 16.3% (n=45/276) prevalence of hepatitis B infection among admitted patients who had never tested for hepatitis B. (COR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.05-6.16, p=0.039) among admitted patients who had family history of hepatitis B infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection is 14.3% with a 95% confidence interval estimate of 10.7% to 18.8% and of the patients vaccinated against hepatitis B tested positive for hepatitis B infection compared to the 16.3% among those who had not been vaccinated among admitted patients at the Kaneshie polyclinic. Recommendation: It is recommended that hepatitis B infection testing must be mandatory for all admitted Patients before discharge home.