Effect of Season of Planting on Growth, Flowering,Fruit Set and Seed Yield of Bambara Groundnut [ Voandzeia Subterranea (L.) Verdc.]

Abstract

Studies were conducted on nine (9) bambara groundnut (Voandzeia subterranea) accessions representative of cultivars cultivated in Ghana, Swaziland and Zimbabwe at the University Farms, Legon, on two planting dates. Time of1' first flower opening was irrespective of time of planting since photoperiod did not change much. Flowering once initiated did not cease until harvest, except for one cultivar 'Jabajaba'. It was found that double and single flowering peaks occurred in Minor and Major planting seasons respectively except for one cultivar 'Sabliga' which showed no definite peak. More leaves, hence a greater dry matter yield (DMY) was produced under a higher rainfall condition. The crop, however exhibited a drought resistant character by producing more seed under comparatively drier conditions. Rainfall and temperature appear to be the two important interactive climatic factors influencing vegetative growth, flowering and yield of bambara groundnut in the tropics. Moderate rainfall coupled with relatively high temperatures over the entire growth period of the crop provides ideal conditions for better yield.