Prophylactic or therapeutic administration of Holarrhena floribunda hydro ethanol extract suppresses complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in Sprague Dawley rats
Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Journal of Inflammation
Abstract
Background: A hydro ethanol extract of the stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda (HFE) has been shown to be
effective in the management of acute inflammation. This study was to evaluate usefulness of the extract for the
management of chronic inflammation in a murine model.
Methods: Arthritis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant. Anti-arthritic effect of
the extract was evaluated in prophylactic and therapeutic treatment models at doses of 50, 200 and 500 mg/kg.
Parameters assessed included oedema, serology of inflammatory response, bone tissue histology and haematology.
Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons post hoc test.
Results: HFE at 50–500 mg/kg dose-dependently [P ≥ 0.0354 (prophylactic) and P ≥ 0.0001 (therapeutic) inhibited
swelling of the injected paw upon prophylactic [≤ 81.26% (P < 0.0001) or therapeutic [≤ 67.92% (P < 0.01)
administration — and prevented spread of arthritis to the contralateral paw. The inflammation alleviation activity
was further demonstrated by decrease in arthritis score, radiologic score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. HFE at
all doses significantly reduced serum interleukin (IL)-1α (P < 0.0197), and 500 mg/kg HFE reduced IL-6 (P = 0.0032). In
contrast, serum concentrations of IL-10, protein kinase A and cyclic adenosine monophosphate were enhanced
(P ≤ 0.0436). HFE consistently showed better prophylactic than therapeutic activity.
Conclusion: HFE strongly suppressed Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced arthritis and modulated regulators of
inflammation, including IL-1α, − 6 and − 10. Taken together, the data suggest that HFE has potential for use as an
agent for modulation of the inflammatory response.
Description
Research Article
Keywords
Arthritis, Cytokines, Holarrhena floribunda, Immunomodulation, Inflammation