Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life (Hrqol) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Study at the Koose Sub District of the Adenta Municipality, Ghana

Abstract

Diabetes ranks as the sixth leading cause of mortality in Ghana and significantly impacts the daily lives of those affected. The study's goal was to evaluate the HRQoL of Type 2 DM patients in the Koose subdistrict of the Adenta municipality. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using quantitative methodologies. A total of 100 patients with Type 2 diabetes were sampled from two health facilities using a simple random sampling technique. The WHOQoL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF) scale was used to assess HRQoL. The data was analyzed using the Stata statistical package 16. Multiple linear regression was used to determine characteristics associated with HRQoL. The age range of respondents were 29 to 89 years (mean 59, SD=13). Females made up the majority of the respondents (67 %). The mean BMI was 29.07 (SD=6.45) and the mean HbA1c was 8.71 (SD=2.51). The mean overall HRQoL was 61.98 ± 10.44. Respondents’ physical health scored a mean of 48.02 ± 8.82, psychological health 50.72 ± 5.55, social health 49.86 ± 15.57 and environmental health 50.72 ± 11.10. Socio-demographic factors associated with HRQoL were age ≥50years (p=0.005) and Income (p=0.024). Clinical factors associated with HRQoL were BMI≥25 (p=0.037), duration of DM (p=<0.001) and HbA1c (p=0.006). Type 2 diabetes patients in the Koose subdistrict had a moderate HRQoL. Age over 50 years and unemployment were socio- demographic characteristics associated with overall HRQoL. Duration of living with DM was found to be associated with BMI larger than 25kgm-2 and high glycated haemoglobin levels were clinical variables associated with HRQoL.