Book Chapters
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Book Chapters: A scholarly introduction of chapter length to an edited volume, where the content of the introduction reports research and makes a substantial contribution to a defined area of knowledge.
On the other hand, Review books or articles provide a critical and constructive analysis of existing published literature in a field, through summary, analysis, and comparison, often identifying specific gaps or problems and providing recommendations for future research. These are considered as secondary literature since they generally do not present new data from the author's experimental work. Review articles can be of three types, broadly speaking: literature reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
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Item The Politics Of Public Policy Implementation In Ghana: The Case Of Small-Scale Mining Legislation(University Of Ghana, 2023) Botchway, B.A.In Ghana, successive governments have employed various measures to streamline the small-scale mining (SSM) sector. These measures span four broad strategies: the enactment of legislation; the deployment of security taskforce; stakeholder engagement; and constituting inter-ministerial taskforces. However, these strategies seemed not to have produced the expected results. Focusing on legislation, the study assessed the political drivers or factors that affected the implementation of the SSM legislation in Ghana from 1989 - 2022. The study used the complexity of joint action model to assess the power play between the actors and how it affected the implementation of SSM legislation. The study employed the qualitative research approach to obtain primary data while secondary data was obtained from books, journal articles, etc. The results of the study showed that the number of actors involved in the implementation process and the power play among them reduced the chances of the successful implementation of the SSM legislation. Similarly, political factors such as the winner-takes-all politics, the delegate system of electing national party leadership, the lack of a national political party funding, and other challenges such as conflicts, delays, lack of capital and geological data, among others, frustrated the implementation of SSM legislation. The study, inter alia, recommended the empowerment of regulatory and security agencies to curb the illegality and other challenges affecting the implementation of SSM legislation.Item Charting sustainable waters: Governance challenges and opportunities for fisheries and coastal beach resources in a West African country(Marine Policy, 2024) Takyi,R.; Nunoo,F.K.E.; Mahrad,B.E.; Addo,C.; Essandoh,J.Marine fisheries and beaches (i.e., backshore, foreshore and shoreface) are essential for providing ecosystem services globally, with coastal states being at the forefront of this benefit. Consequently, several policies, legislations, and governance processes must be formulated to ensure their sustainable use due to the impact of anthropogenic and natural pressures. This study aims to analyse the legal and institutional frameworks for the management of marine fisheries and beach resources (such as flora (coconut), fauna (ghost crabs), dunes, and rocky components) under key international laws and conventions, using Ghana as a case study. The study identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) within resource management, as well as their impact on the country’s progress in the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Africa Union Agenda 2063. Data was collected through interviews with fishers, coastal residents, and other relevant stakeholders, as well as a review of secondary data. The results unveil a distinctive contrast in the regulatory landscape between fisheries and beach resources. While numerous policies have been formulated to ensure the sustainable management of fisheries, the same level of attention and commitment has not been extended to beach resources. The SWOT analysis revealed that some of the strengths in the governance of marine fisheries and beach resources rest on the availability of institutions and laws. The weakness lies in inadequate enforcement and data gathering and analyses to inform decision making. This study provides as an illuminating exploration into the legal and institutional underpinnings of marine fisheries and beach resource management in Ghana, shedding light on the critical junctures where improvements are needed.Item Corporate governance in banks: impact of board attributes on banks performance(African J. Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 2020) Nyuur, R.B.; Ofori, D.F.; Dedzo, B.Q.The study examines the impact of the board of directors’ composition on firm performance in the Ghanaian banking industry. Using the GMM, fixed and random effect econometric models, the presence of independent non-executive directors (INEDs) on boards are found to significantly and positively contribute to higher bank performance in terms of return on assets. Board size is also found to have significantly influenced banks' performance positively concerning both return on assets and return on equity, but negatively affects the net profit margins of banks. The study further establishes that board members political attachment has a profound adverse influence on firm performance particularly on net interest margin. These findings provide further insights into the impact of board attributes on firm performance in the banking industry, especially in a developing and under-researched context. Research and practical implications are discussed.Item Availability, acceptability, and utilization of micronutrient fortification for children 6-23 months in three districts in Ghana(World Nutrition, 2024) Donkor, W.E.S.; Boadu, I.; Babae, P.; et al.Background Micronutrient deficiencies result from multiple factors, including inadequate intake of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) from nutrient-rich diverse diets. Point-of-use fortification with a nutritional supplement powder is recommended to address micronutrient deficiencies and anemia among infants and young children (6-23 months), particularly, in low-income countries. In Ghana, about a quarter of children aged 6-59 months are anemic, or deficient in iron and vitamin A. World Vision Ghana (WVG) implemented the integrated Improved Feeding Practices (IFP) project between 2020 and 2023 in three districts in Ghana to improve diet quality and practices of women of reproductive age, and young children below age two years. One component of the project involved the distribution of a nutritional supplement powder (KOKO Plus). This is the second in a series of four papers that document the implementation and outcomes of the IFP project; the other papers are published in this journal. The current paper assessed the availability, acceptability, and utilization of KOKO Plus to households who participated in the IFP project as well as lessons learned from implementing the intervention. Methods A mixed-methods design was used, triangulating primary and secondary data. Secondary data originated from a review of IFP project documents, including project mid-year and annual reports, and implementation plans across the three interdependent components of the IFP project. Primary data were obtained from interviews in six purposively selected communities. Key informants included WVG staff, community volunteers, and local government agency staff from health and agriculture sector agencies, and beneficiaries of the intervention. Interview respondents answered questions on the project’s mechanism for KOKO Plus distribution, participant experiences of purchasing and using KOKO Plus, perceived benefits of using KOKO Plus, and lessons learned about KOKO Plus from the IFP project. Beneficiaries also provided information on their perceptions of KOKO Plus acceptability and adverse outcomes. Results The project distributed KOKO Plus free of charge to almost 14,000 (13,942) children, more than its target (4,900). In addition, Village-Based Entrepreneurs (VBE) sold 192,092 sachets of KOKO Plus in the project communities. The KOKO Plus value chain involved WVG purchased the KOKO Plus from the Ghanaian manufacturer and supplied it to VBEs either in their respective communities or at distribution centers in their respective WVG district office. KOKO Plus promotion and marketing were led by trained VBEs, VBE supervisors, and Community-Based Organizations across multiple settings (homes, child welfare clinics, markets, community durbars, and religious gatherings). There was high acceptability of KOKO Plus. Mothers attributed their acceptance of KOKO Plus to its a Corresponding author: raryeetey@ug.edu.gh 33 potential health and nutrition benefits for children. They also attributed increased child weight, and less frequent illness, to feeding meals that included KOKO Plus to their young children. KOKO Plus was added to the diverse local meals fed to young children. Diarrhea was the only mentioned adverse report, albeit rarely. At the end of the IFP project, WVG established a fund to ensure the sustainable distribution of KOKO Plus in the project communities. Conclusions The IFP project established a KOKO Plus value chain, increasing the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and utilization of KOKO Plus in the project communities. VBE successfully distributed KOKO Plus with support from community volunteers and healthcare workers. This approach to KOKO Plus distribution is feasible and sustainable and is recommended for similar contexts.Item Who is marginalized in energy justice? Amplifying community leader perspectives of energy transitions in Ghana(Energy Research & Social Science, 2021) Baker, E.; Atarah, S.A.; Afful-Dadzie, A.; et al.There is a divide in energy access studies, between technologically-focused modeling papers in engineering and economics, and energy justice frameworks and principles grounded in social sciences. Quantitative computational models are necessary when analyzing energy, and more specifically electricity, systems, as they are technologically complex systems that can diverge from intuitive patterns. To assure energy justice, these models must be reflective of, and informative to, a wide range of stakeholders, including households and communities alongside utilities, governments, and others. Yet, moving from a qualitative understanding of preferences to quantitative modeling is challenging. In this perspective piece, we pilot the use of the value-focused thinking framework to inform stakeholder engagement. The result is a strategic objective hierarchy that highlights the tradeoffs and the social, economic, and technological factors that need to be measured in models. We apply the process in Ghana, using a survey, stakeholder workshops, and follow-up interviews to uncover key tradeoffs and stakeholder-derived objectives. We discuss three key areas that have been rarely, if ever, well-represented in energy models: (1) the relationship between the dynamics of electricity end-use and the technology and economic structure of the system; (2) explicit tradeoffs between electricity access, cost, and reliability as defined by stakeholders; and (3) the definition of new objectives, such as minimizing hazards related to theft. We conclude that this model of engagement provides an opportunity to tie together rigorous qualitative analysis and stakeholder engagement with crucial quantitative models of the electricity system.Item Customer loyalty and value anticipation: does perceived competition matter?(African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 2021) Christian, I.O.; Tackie, N.N.; Anning-Dorson, T.Purpose – Drawing on customer value theory and the demanding nature of today’s customers, this paper examines the moderating effects of competition, as perceived by customers, on the nexus between customer value anticipation (CVA), satisfaction, and loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing data from the Ghanaian banking sector, which has been going through some reforms that are changing the banking landscape, the study analyzes data from 587 customers. Respondents were drawn from a cluster of banks within an enclave with different types of customers and epitomized the competitive nature of Ghana’s banking sector. Findings – CVA drives customer satisfaction, attitudinal loyalty, and behavioral loyalty among bank customers. However, between attitudinal and behavioral loyalty, customers will be more behaviorally loyal to banks that successfully anticipate their needs than they would be in attitude. The relationships between CVA and satisfaction and loyalty are such that the level of competition among sector players does not alter the effect; thus, when a bank can anticipate customer value, customers are going to stay loyal to such a bank irrespective of the competitive offers. Originality/value – Although the impact CVA has on satisfaction and loyalty is justified in the existing literature, extant research has not systematically examined the influence of external boundaries and situational effects on the potency of anticipating customer value in detail. The current study shows the effect of competition on CVA and customer behavioral outcomes. The study further concludes that irrespective of competition, banks that are perceived to be high on CVA will have their customers being loyal. This is very important in the development of bank marketing and product innovation strategies.Item The Effect of Aid on Growth in the Presence of Economic Regime Change(African Finance Journal, 2019) Samanhyia, S.; Cassimon, D.The empirical literature on aid effectiveness is mired in controversy. In this regard, the paper aims to investigate the effect of aid on economic growth in Ghana. Using Auto-Regressive Distributed Lagged Models as the main estimation strategy, the study concludes that aid has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth. The effect of aid on economic growth is more pronounced taking into account the marginal effect of a shift in economic policy from a controlled economic regime to an open market system. The result is robust when the data is triangulated with other estimation methods. Following the key findings, the study recommends that government pursues economic policies that promote more private-sector participation. Also, alternative financing that focuses on the domestic market should be encouraged to avoid the negative impact of dwindling aid inflows.Item Vegetable production technical efficiency and technology gaps in Ghana(African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2019) Tsiboe, F.; Asravor, J.; Osei, E.This study characterizes the nature of the vegetable production shortfall throughout Ghana for remedial action to be taken. By applying the meta-stochastic frontier analysis to a sample of okra, pepper, and tomato farmers, the results show that the ranking of production inputs in production is in the order of the land, hired labor, fertilizer, pesticide, and family labor. Furthermore, the results also suggest that vegetable production is characterized by diseconomies of scale. Technical efficiency for okra, pepper, and tomato farmers in Ghana is estimated at 54%, 74%, and 58% respectively, and this has generally increased for okra and pepper but remained stable for tomato. Technology gaps are close to non-existent for pepper cultivation, modest for tomato, and severe for okra. This implies that, whilst there is no potential for production gain from redistributing pepper technology throughout Ghana, there is limited potential for tomato and substantial potential for okra. Pepper farmers could potentially benefit from managerial improvements.Item Pooled procurement programme: efficiency and challenges in medicinal health care – perspectives from National Catholic Health Service in Ghana(Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 2021) Domfeh, K.A.Objective This article explores the efficiency and the challenges of the pooled procurement program (PPP) among National Catholic Health Service (NCHS) members using the stakeholder theory. Method This article used the qualitative research approach relying on a multiple case study design to conduct 20 in-depth interviews with respondents working within the health facilities and the secretariat of the NCHS. Key findings This article established that the PPP improved accessibility, quality, and availability and ensured solidarity among the health facilities within the NCHS. This ensured efficient PPP management in the health facilities. Although a 30% reduction in the average cost of medicines was achieved in the first 3 years of the program’s inception, prompt payment of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) could further drive down the costs of medicines. Notwithstanding, there were other teething challenges such as inadequate consultation between the health facilities and the secretariat, inadequate physical structures, poor internet accessibility, and inadequate coverage of the PPP. Conclusion The article contributes to medicine health services research literature in the context of using the PPP in Ghana in procuring medicines. This article suggests that monitoring and evaluation of procurement procedures in health facilities are critical in guaranteeing compliance with the pooled procurement guidelines by participating healthcare providers.Item Relationship Between Workplace Bullying, and Employees' Subjective Well-Being: Does Resilience U Make a Difference?(Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2020) Annor, F.; Amponsah-Tawiah, K.The present study examines the potential protective role of resilience in workplace bullying. Specifically, the study investigates the association between workplace bullying and subjective well-being and whether high levels of resilience buffer the relationship. The study draws on data from a cross-sectional survey of 631 individuals employed in diverse organizations in Accra, Ghana. Results of moderated regression analysis showed that workplace bullying was associated with lower levels of subjective well-being. Although resilience moderated the relationship between workplace bullying and subjective well-being, it strengthened rather than weakened the relationship. The study's findings suggest that relying on individuals' resources in dealing with workplace bullying may be counterproductive. The findings underscore the need for organizations to institute measures to offer better protection of employees from exposure to bullying in the workplace.
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