Research Articles
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A research article reports the results of original research, assesses its contribution to the body of knowledge in a given area, and is published in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal. The faculty publications through published and on-going articles/researches are captured in this community
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Item Cultural orientation, perceived support and participation of female students in formal entrepreneurship in the sub-Saharan economy of Ghana(International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 2019-06-12) Anlesinya, A.; Adepoju, O.A.; Richter, U.H.Purpose – This purpose of this paper is to examine cultural orientations and intention of Ghanaian women to engage in entrepreneurship while assessing the role of perceived support system. The aim is to contribute to the literature in the sub-Saharan African context where women entrepreneurs are generally underresearched, despite their increasing significant roles in socio-economic development in the continent even in the face of huge cultural barriers. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses a hierarchical regression analysis and Hay’s PROCESS moderation technique to analyze survey data from 190 female students fromGhana, Africa. Findings – The results indicate that uncertainty avoidance and power distance cultural orientations have significant positive and negative effects, respectively, on women’s participation in formal entrepreneurship. However, collectivism and masculine cultural orientations do not have any effect on their intention to engage in formal entrepreneurial activity. The study further shows that perceived support system has a buffering effect on the destructive consequences of power distance culture on formal entrepreneurship intentions. On the contrary, perceived support does not moderate the relationship between uncertainty avoidance, collectivism and masculine cultural and formal entrepreneurial intention. Practical implications – Given the fact that most African governments are making efforts to accelerate the growth and development of their economies via entrepreneurship and economic empowerment, this study’s findings encourage stakeholders to implement measures to leverage on the positive dimensions of cultures to facilitate the development of formal entrepreneurship among Ghanaian women while mitigating the negative consequences of cultural practices. The findings further highlight the need to evaluate the current level of support given to women in Ghana. The study suggests that provision of sufficient level of support can make women more willing to challenge the status quo in power distance cultures and take personal initiatives, thereby leading to more formal entrepreneurial actions. Originality/value – This study is a significant addition to women entrepreneurship literature because the role of culture in females’ intention to participate in entrepreneurship is generally an under-researched area. Besides, our examination of national cultural variation at the individual level on formal entrepreneurshipintention in a heterogeneous setting is novel. The study also highlights the buffering roles of perceived support on the destructive consequences of power distance cultural orientation on formal entrepreneurial development among womenItem Understanding the role of culture and gender stereotypes in women entrepreneurship through the lens of the stereotype threat theory(Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 2019-08-23) Adom, K.; Anambane, G.Purpose – This paper aims to explore the role of culture and gender stereotypes in the entrepreneurial journey of women entrepreneurs. It specifically focuses on women entrepreneurs in the Nabdam district of Ghana. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted the qualitative approach and collected data from 20 women entrepreneurs in the Nabdam district in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews which were analysed according to identified themes. Findings – The key finding of the study is that culture, through gender stereotypes, acts as a “push” motivational factor of women entrepreneurship and breeds more necessity-driven women entrepreneurs than opportunity-driven ones. However, gender stereotyping is found to be a bane to entrepreneurial success of several women-owned enterprises. Due to gender stereotypes, countless women entrepreneurs are skeptical about venturing into “unknown sector” sectors not familiar and operating larger businesses that are likely to yield more profits. Originality/value – Currently, there is less research on entrepreneurship and culture/gender stereotypes until now in Ghana, and this study seeks to bridge this gap. The results are discussed linking what is pertaining in other economic landscapes, thus avoiding just national perspectives. This is the first known study conducted in the study area that looks at entrepreneurship through the lens of culture-gender stereotypes. Keywords: Culture, Ghana, Sub-Saharan Africa, Women entrepreneurship, Female entrepreneurship, Gender stereotypesItem An Assessment of Entrepreneurial Disposition and Culture in Sub-Saharan Africa: Some Lessons from Ghana(Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 2018-04) Adom, K.; Chiri, N.; Quaye, D.; Awuah-Werekoh, K.This paper assesses the impact of Ghanaian culture on the entrepreneurial disposition of Higher National Diploma (HND) graduates of Accra Polytechnic from 2007 to 2012. Since the turn of the millennium, there has been more attention given to job creation than job seeking, especially among the youth, to address unemployment in developing countries. This is because of governments’ inability to match the growing number of job seekers to job creation across the globe. One way to address this deficit in Ghana is the introduction of courses in entrepreneurship in almost all tertiary institutions, coupled with the setting up of institutions such as Ghana Youth Employment and Entrepreneurship Development Agency (GYEEDA), National Youth Employment Program (NYEP), Youth Entrepreneurship Agency (YEA), Youth Entrepreneurship Support (YES), among others. Reporting on 2015 data from Accra, the main finding was that collectivistic culture has negative effects on capital accumulation, human resource management and the urgency the unemployed graduates attached to self-employment. Therefore, this paper calls for some ways to address the issue of graduates’ inability to be enterprising. Keywords: Culture; entrepreneurial disposition; Ghana; Polytechnic; sub-Saharan Africa.Item Assessing the Role of Culture in Female entrepreneurship in Contemporary Sub-Saharan society:Insights from The Nabadam District of Ghana(Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 2018-09) Anambane, G.; Adom, K.This study explores the role of cultural practices on female entrepreneurship with some insights from the Nabdam district of Ghana. The views of twenty (20) female entrepreneurs were gathered through face-to-face in-depth interviews, which were analyzed according to identified themes. The key finding of the study is that, because of cultural influences and norms, entrepreneurship is perceived to be a field for uneducated women as highly educated women seek formal employment than self-employment. Also, the value and respect for traditions was found to be a limiting factor to the growth and expansion of female-owned enterprises. Therefore, this study concludes that the general poor performance of female entrepreneurs in the study area can be attributed to long-held traditional beliefs and practices rather than managerial inability on the part of women. The stereotype threat theory is used to explain the state of female entrepreneurship in the study area. Therefore, there is a call on policy makers to formulate policies that could eliminate the negative impact of culture on female-owned businesses.Item The HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa: Homogeneity or heterogeneity?(Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 2005-03) Agyei-Mensah, S.This article examines the geography of HIV/AIDS in sub-Sabaran Africa in a time and space perspective. Drawing on a variety of sources, an interesting picture of HIV/AIDS spread emerges, one that is quite at odds with the popular perception of an increasing HIV prevalence in most of the region. A significant decline has been underway in Uganda. There has also been stability or levelling off in countries such as Zambia, Rwanda, Burundi, and Cote d'Ivoire. In sharp contrast, prevalence is increasing in Tanzania, Swaziland and Central African Republic (CAR). The article heeds the important point that transmission of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa not only displays differing patterns but differing reasons for those patterns between countries and regions proximate to each other. Thus, no single policy can be adopted for all countries. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.