Research Articles
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A research article reports the results of original research, assesses its contribution to the body of knowledge in a given area, and is published in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal. The faculty publications through published and on-going articles/researches are captured in this community
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Item Plasmodium falciparum: sensitivity to chloroquine in wiwo in three ecological zones in Ghana(Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1992) Afari’, E. A.; Akanmori, B. D.; Nakano’, T.; Ofori-Adjei, D.4690 children aged 6-15 years in 5 urban and 4 rural communities in 3 ecological zones in Ghana were screened from June 1988 to December 1990 to provide suitable candidates for the World Health Organization standard in vivo test for susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine. 1880 (40.1%) had parasitaemia, mostly (83.7-98.6%) due to P. falciparum infection. Of the 626 in vivo tests performed, 570 (91.1%) showed sensitivity to chloroquine and 56 (8.9%) responses were classified as resistant to chloroquine at RI (5.1%) and RI1 (3.8%). The resistance responses were commonest (17.1-22.7%) in the coastal zone, followed by the savanna zone (8.6lO.O%), and lowest in the forest zone (3.1-6.3%). The RI1 responses occurred mainly in communities in the coastal zone. There was no RI11 resistance in any zone. The pattern of RI (early) and RI1 responses of I’. falciparum to chloroquine in this study suggested an increase in sensitivity, or a reduction in resistance, of P. falciparum to chloroquine from the coast to the forest and northern savanna zones, and from the urban to the rural communities in each zone in Ghana.Item Barriers to successful university library automation in Ghana with particular reference to the Balme library(The International Information & Library Review, 1995) Amekuedee, J.O.Library automation assumed a great deal of importance in libraries in the mid 1960's. Since then it has become a household word in librarianship. Library automation in university libraries in Ghana is a relatively new concept. Even though computers have been installed in the three university libraries in Ghana, computerization has not had much impact on the services provided by these libraries. This paper reviews the computerization projects in the university libraries in Ghana, with a particular reference to the Balme Library of the University of Ghana. Reasons for automation, areas of application and problems associated with automation are discussed. Also highlighted are barriers militating against successful university library automation, like financial problems, attitudinal problems, lack of co-operation among university libraries, hardware and software problems and personnel problems. Recommendations are made for the improvement of automation at the university libraries in Ghana. These include evaluation of existing systems, properly planned automation project, financial support and co-operation among the university libraries.Item Management of libraries in Ghana: Concepts, practices and constraints(Aslib Proceedings, 1989-12) Alemna, A.A.This paper discusses the management of libraries in Ghana with reference to the existing practices in the country, and various problems involved in the administration of these libraries. Management plays a very important role in librarianship, yet librarians in Ghana find it difficult to execute this function owing to various constraints such as inadequate training facilities in the country, lack of funding for libraries, and the low image of librarians in the country. The writer suggests among other things, the organisation of regular seminars and conferences at local, national and regional levels for librarians to improve upon their management techniques and efforts by librarians themselves to change public misconception of their profession.Item Libraries in research and scholarship in Ghana(African Research and documentation, 1991) Alemna, A.A.The paper examines the contributions that libraries in Ghana are making towards research and scholarship in the country. The libraries discussed are mainly academic and special libraries. Attention is paid to the following services: interlibrary loan services, photocopying services, current awareness services, selective dissemination of information, bibliographical services, microform collections, and instructions in library use. The author concludes that libraries in Ghana are not making adequate contributions to scholarship and research largely because of inadequate funds and physical facilities.Item The Role of External Aid in Ghana's Library Development(Library Review, 1992) Alemna, A.A.Examines the roles played by various international and government organizations in the development of libraries in Ghana. Argues some justification for the continued reliance on external assistance in Ghana′s library development, despite the controversial nature of such assistance. Concludes that all government efforts should be made to supplement external assistance in the development of libraries in Ghana.Item Oral Literature in African Libraries: Implications for Ghana(African Studies Program, 1993) Alemna, A.A.African oral tradition has come into UNESCO's programme in a number of ways. First of all, oral tradition is one of the main sources of African history used for the "General History of Africa" project. Secondly, oral tradition is of the greatest'importance as a depository of the cultural past of Africa. Lastly, material drawn from the oral tradition is used in the study of African cultures and African languages (UNESCO 1974?: 15). As far back as 1966 an international committee of experts met in Abidjan, Cote d'lvoire to propose regions and periods to be covered and the themes to be dealt with and, secondly, , decide what types of research should be undertaken in view of the sources and periods involved and the importance, abundance or scarcity of documentation. Since then, there have been other meetings on the coordination and planning of the collection of oral tradition in Ouagadougou, Niamey and Porto NovoItem lIeosigmoid Knot; A case report(Ghana Medical Journal, 1987-09) Hodasi, W.M.A case of an ileo-sigmoid knot which presented with a sudden onset of colicky abdominal pains. is presented. Unlike a sigmoid volvulus, the abdomen was moderately distended and the pain became continuous and increased in intensity. This is a condition whereby the ileum is twisted along its own axis and encircled by the sigmoid colon. It occurs predominantly in males patients and predisposing factors could be due to nutritional conditions and tribal tendencies. It is difficult to recognise it clinically and at operation, the surgeon may be able to identify it if the gut is not destroyed. The ileum is mostly gangrenous and demands resection and a continuous or an ileo-colic anastomosis.Item Sexual habits and social factors in local Ghanaian prostitutes which could affect the spread of Human Immu- nodeficiency Virus (HIV)(Ghana Medical Journal, 1987-09) Neequaye, I.E.; Neequaye, A.R.; Mingle, I.A.; Ofori-Adjei, D.; Osei- Kwasi, M.; Grant, F.; Hayami, M.; Ishikawa, R.J.; Biggar, R.J.One hundred and sixteen prostitutes working locally in Accra (Tema were interviewed as to their sexual habits. A major finding was that only one used condoms regularly. The average number of clients was 3-4 per week in the higher socio-economic status group and 16 per week in the lower socio-economic class. Less than 1% were positive for HIV infection in February 1986 and 0% of 241 blood donors were positive. These findings indicated that the HIV infection rate was still very low and a preventive education campaign could be effective in reducing the spread of the disease into Ghana.Item A controlled therapeutic appraisal of modalities of treatment in Kerosene poisoning(Ghana Medical Journal, 1987-12) Annobil, S.H.; Biritwum, R.B.Various modalities of treatment, including therapy with penicillin, steroids and paracetamol are clinically evaluated in a prospective controlled study involving 100 cases of kerosene poisoning in children. In respect of clinical parameters, such as the development and extent of pyrexia and the period of hospital stay. therapy with both penicillin and paracetamol showed $statistically significant efficacy. but this was not evident in those patients receiving steroids, either alone or in combinations with penicillin. The mechanisms and role of such therapeutic regimes in the management of kerosene poisoning is discussedItem Chloroquine-induced Pruritus: Familial Aggregation and possible Genetic Basis(Ghana Medical Journal, 1988-03) Ofori-Adjei, D.; Adjei, S.; Amoa, A.B.1152 attendants comprising 40% mole and 60% female subjects at urban private clinics and rural health centres in Ghana were interviewed by questionnaire. Enquiry was made into the occurrence of chloroquine-induced pruritus in themselves, their spouses, their children, their siblings and their parents. The questionnaire included the following details:- (a) self-medication for febrile illnesses (b) the number of tablets of chloroquine that induced pruritus. (c) the time of onset and duration of pruritus (d) the method of relief of pruritus 44.8% of respondents had experienced itching on taking chloroquine. 23.3% itched on being given chloroquine intramuscularly and 95% of these itched on oral chloroquine. The rate of itching on self-medication with chloroquine alone or with other drugs was 41%. 33.9% itched each time they took chloroquine and 30.9% itched at least once after taking chloroquine. The prevalence rate of chloroquine induced pruritus in this study was found to be between 30. 9% and 44.8%. of the respondents who knew about itching among their close relatives, 50.7% (309/609) had siblings who itched, 29.3% (184/628) had children who itched, and 21.9% (166/759) had parents who itched on taking chloroquine. The results describe a pattern suggestive of strong familial aggregation and thus a possible genetic basis for chloroquine-induced pruritus. In addition, a pathway a/inheritance leading to male preponderance in off-springs of respondents who itch has been established. The minimum number a/tablets required to induce itching was found to be 2, equivalent to 300mg base chloroquine. 42.2% o/respondents started itching within 2 hours, 24.1% between 2 and 6 hours, and 33.3% after 6 hours. Of the 57.6% who took drugs for relief of pruritus, 89.7% took antihistamine preparations. However there was no significant difference between those who took the drug before or after chloroquine ingestion, with regard to relief of pruritus.