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Item Cardiovascular Care in Africa – Cost Crisis and the Urgent Need for Contextual Health Service Solutions(Global Heart, 2023) Akumiah, F.K.; Yakubu, A-S; Doku, A.; etc.The 20th century marked a shift in the global disease burden profile with an epidemiological transition from infectious diseases to noncommunicable and degenerative diseases [1]. The rates of transition differed between regions and economic status, with economically backwards nations being saddled with a double burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) predominated [2]. Africa encounters such a similar double disease burden. The CVD burden is increasing in Africa, threatening to derail the fragile current health system. The recent global, regional and country-specific economic crises have reduced household incomes, thereby reducing the access to and affordability of guideline-directed care for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, strokes, and the like.Item Global marketing in business-to-business contexts: Challenges, developments, and opportunities(Industrial Marketing Management, 2019) Assadinia, S.; Aykol, B.; Yeboah-Banin, A.A.; etc.This article introduces the special issue on global marketing in business-to-business contexts. The aim is to advance knowledge on the subject that can stimulate further research in this important and emerging area of industrial marketing. The twelve contributions selected for this special issue bring together high quality con temporary research that address challenges and recent developments. The articles specifically offer unique in sights that progress understanding in the area, provide interesting managerial implications, and present intri guing opportunities for future researchers. These contributions reflect the variety of current work in global marketing in the business-to-business context. While most of the contributions in this special issue focus on the development and deployment of unique resources and capabilities to enhance international competitiveness and performance success, insights are also offered on international relationships and/or relationship marketing within the business-to-business context, country of origin effects, and knowledge transfer between international partners in subsidiaries. The article concludes with a summary of important avenues for further research.Item The importance of getting the ethics right in a pandemic treaty(Personal View, 2023) Schaefer, G.O.; Atuire, C.A.; Kaur, S.; etc.The COVID-19 pandemic revealed numerous weaknesses in pandemic preparedness and response, including underfunding, inadequate surveillance, and inequitable distribution of countermeasures. To overcome these weaknesses for future pandemics, WHO released a zero draft of a pandemic treaty in February, 2023, and subsequently a revised bureau’s text in May, 2023. COVID-19 made clear that pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response reflect choices and value judgements. These decisions are therefore not a purely scientific or technical exercise, but are fundamentally grounded in ethics. The latest treaty draft reflects these ethical considerations by including a section entitled Guiding Principles and Approaches. Most of these principles are ethical—they establish core values that undergird the treaty. Unfortunately, the treaty draft’s set of principles are numerous, overlapping, and show inadequate coherence and consistency. We propose two improvements to this section of the draft pandemic treaty. First, key guiding ethical principles should be clearer and more precise than they currently are. Second, the link between ethical principles and policy implementation should be clearly established and define boundaries on acceptable interpretation, ensuring that signatories abide by these principles.Item The importance of getting the ethics right in a pandemic treaty(Personal View, 2023) Schaefer, G.O.; Atuire, C.A.; Kaur, S.; etc.The COVID-19 pandemic revealed numerous weaknesses in pandemic preparedness and response, including underfunding,COVID-19, and inequitable distribution of countermeasures. To overcome these weaknesses for future pandemics, WHO released a zero draft of a pandemic treaty in February, 2023, and subsequently a revised bureau’s text in May, 2023. COVID-19 made clear that pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response reflect choices and value judgements. These decisions are therefore not a purely scientific or technical exercise, but are fundamentally grounded in ethics. The latest treaty draft reflects these ethical considerations by including a section entitled Guiding Principles and Approaches. Most of these principles are ethical—they establish core values that undergird the treaty. Unfortunately, the treaty draft’s set of principles are numerous, overlapping, and show inadequate coherence and consistency. We propose two improvements to this section of the draft pandemic treaty. First, key guiding ethical principles should be clearer and more precise than they currently are. Second, the link between ethical principles and policy implementation should be clearly established and define boundaries on acceptable interpretation, ensuring that signatories abide by these principles.Item The importance of getting the ethics right in a pandemic treaty(Lancet Infect Dis, 2023) Schaefer, G.O.; Atuire, C.A.; Kaur, S.; etc.The COVID-19 pandemic revealed numerous weaknesses in pandemic preparedness and response, including underfunding, inadequate surveillance, and inequitable distribution of countermeasures. To overcome these weaknesses for future pandemics, WHO released a zero draft of a pandemic treaty in February, 2023, and subsequently a revised bureau’s text in May, 2023. COVID-19 made clear that pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response reflect choices and value judgements. These decisions are therefore not a purely scientific or technical exercise, but are fundamentally grounded in ethics. The latest treaty draft reflects these ethical considerations by including a section entitled Guiding Principles and Approaches. Most of these principles are ethical—they establish core values that undergird the treaty. Unfortunately, the treaty draft’s set of principles are numerous, overlapping, and show inadequate coherence and consistency. We propose two improvements to this section of the draft pandemic treaty. First, key guiding ethical principles should be clearer and more precise than they currently are. Second, the link between ethical principles and policy implementation should be clearly established and define boundaries on acceptable interpretation, ensuring that signatories abide by these principles.Item Inter-observer evaluation of practical lesson delivery in physical education setting: Nature and demonstration of teachers’ instructional cues(International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2022) Donkor, S.K.; Appiah, M.; Huagie, S.D.; etc.Often, teachers plan for instructional activities, yet fail to plan for instructional cues they would use to facilitate skill acquisition among students. During practical lesson delivery, it is ideal for instructional cue (IC) of the teacher to be short, descriptive and integrated in a manner that promotes students’ retention of relevant information for executing the skill correctly. Teachers should avoid lengthy and unnecessary ICs in teaching and learning environment. In this pedagogical study, we used descriptive processes to investigate the nature and demonstration of teachers’ ICs, the proportion and rate per minute of teachers’ ICs in practical physical education (PE) setting involving pre-service teachers (n=77) and professional PE teachers (n=4). Self-developed event recording instrument was found valid using expert consultation procedure. In each recorded event, inter-observer agreement was above 80% which indicated a good reliability of data for making research decisions. Evaluation of the video-recorded lesson suggested that teachers were able to utilise a variety of instructional cues (i.e., short, descriptive and integrated) to facilitate students’ learning in practical PE setting. Findings indicated that teachers were largely able to simulate skills and techniques during practical lesson delivery. Again, verbal instructional cues demonstrated with equipment occupied the largest proportion of events, while verbal instructional cues demonstrated without equipment placed second. Non-verbal instructional cues demonstrated without equipment occupied the least proportion of events in the entire observation. Generally, the study revealed a normal phenomenon in practical PE setting where verbal cues occurred more frequently than non-verbal cues. The practical PE class is usually composed of high and low prior learners. It was recommended that cues delivered by the teacher should cater for such individual differences in every practical PE setting.