Browsing by Author "Titiloye, N."
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Item Circulating tumor DNA is readily detectable among Ghanaian breast cancer patients supporting non-invasive cancer genomic studies in Africa(Springer Nature, 2021) Ahuno, S.T.; Doebley, A-L.; Ahearn, T.U.; Yarney, J.; Titiloye, N.; Hamel, N.; Adjei, E.; Clegg-Lamptey, J-N.; Edusei, L.; Awuah, B.; Song, X.; Vanderpuye, V.; Abubakar, M.; Duggan, M.; Stover, D.G.; Nyarko, K.; Bartlett, J.M.S.; Aitpillah, F.; Ansong, D.; Gardner, K.L.; Boateng, F.A.; Bowcock, A.M.; Caldas, C.; Foulkes, W.D.; Wiafe, S.; Wiafe-Addai, B.; Garcia-Closas, M.; Kwarteng, A.; Ha, G.; Figueroa, J.D.; Polak, P.; Ghana Breast Health Study TeamCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing studies could provide novel insights into the molecular pathology of cancer in sub- Saharan Africa. In 15 patient plasma samples collected at the time of diagnosis as part of the Ghana Breast Health Study and unselected for tumor grade and subtype, ctDNA was detected in a majority of patients based on whole- genome sequencing at high (30×) and low (0.1×) depths. Breast cancer driver copy number alterations were observed in the majority of patients.Item Measured body size and serum estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal women: the Ghana Breast Health Study(Breast Cancer Research, 2022) Geczik, A.M.; Falk, R.T.; Xu, X.; Ansong, D.; Yarney, J.; Wiafe‑Addai, B.; Edusei, L.; Dedey, F.; Vanderpuye, V.; Titiloye, N.; Adjei, E.; Aitpillah, F.; Osei‑Bonsu, E.; Oppong, J.; Biritwum, R.; Nyarko, K.; Wiafe, S.; Awuah, B.; Clegg‑Lamptey, J-N.; Ahearn, T.U.; Figueroa, J.; Garcia‑Closas, M.; Brinton, L.A.; Trabert, B.Background: Several anthropometric measures have been associated with hormone-related cancers, and it has been shown that estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal women plays an important role in these relationships. However, little is known about circulating estrogen levels in African women, and the relevance to breast cancer or breast cancer risk factors. To shed further light on the relationship of anthropometric factors and estrogen levels in African women, we examined whether measured body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), height, and self-reported body size were associated with serum estrogens/estrogen metabolites in a cross-sectional analysis among postmenopausal population-based controls of the Ghana Breast Health Study. Methods: Fifteen estrogens/estrogen metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in serum samples collected from postmenopausal female controls enrolled in the Ghana Breast Health Study, a population-based case–control study conducted in Accra and Kumasi. Geometric means (GMs) of estrogens/ estrogen metabolites were estimated using linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Measured BMI (≥30 vs. 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) was positively associated with parent estrogens (multivariable adjusted GM for unconjugated estrone: 78.90 (66.57–93.53) vs. 50.89 (43.47–59.59), p-value previously noted among White women suggests that estrogens likely explain part of the BMI-postmenopausal breast cancer risk in both groups. These findings merit evaluation in Black women, including prospective studies.Item Measured body size and serum estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal women: the Ghana Breast Health Study(BMC, 2022) Geczik, A.M.; Falk, R.T.; Xu, X.; Ansong, D.; Yarney, J.; Wiafe‑Addai, B.; Edusei, L.; Dedey, F.; Vanderpuye, V.; Titiloye, N.; Adjei, E.; Aitpillah, F.; Osei‑Bonsu, E.; Oppong, J.; Biritwum, R.; Nyarko, K.; Wiafe, S.; Awuah, B.; Clegg‑Lamptey, J.; Ahearn, T.U.; Figueroa, J.; Garcia‑Closas, M.; Brinton, L.A.; Trabert, B.Background: Several anthropometric measures have been associated with hormone-related cancers, and it has been shown that estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal women plays an important role in these relationships. However, little is known about circulating estrogen levels in African women, and the relevance to breast cancer or breast cancer risk factors. To shed further light on the relationship of anthropometric factors and estrogen levels in African women, we examined whether measured body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), height, and selfreported body size were associated with serum estrogens/estrogen metabolites in a cross-sectional analysis among postmenopausal population-based controls of the Ghana Breast Health Study. Methods: Fifteen estrogens/estrogen metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in serum samples collected from postmenopausal female controls enrolled in the Ghana Breast Health Study, a population-based case–control study conducted in Accra and Kumasi. Geometric means (GMs) of estrogens/ estrogen metabolites were estimated using linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Measured BMI (≥ 30 vs. 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) was positively associated with parent estrogens (multivariable adjusted GM for unconjugated estrone: 78.90 (66.57–93.53) vs. 50.89 (43.47–59.59), p-value < 0.0001; and unconjugated estradiol: 27.83 (21.47–36.07) vs. 13.26 (10.37–16.95), p-value < 0.0001). Independent of unconjugated estradiol, measured BMI was associated with lower levels of 2-pathway metabolites and higher levels of 16-ketoestradriol. Similar patterns of association were found with WHR; however, the associations were not entirely independent of BMI. Height was not associated with postmenopausal estrogens/estrogen metabolite levels in African women. Conclusions: We observed strong associations between measured BMI and parent estrogens and estrogen metabolite patterns that largely mirrored relations that have previously been associated with higher breast cancer risk in postmenopausal White women. The consistency of the BMI-estrogen metabolism associations in our study with those previously noted among White women suggests that estrogens likely explain part of the BMI-postmenopausal breast cancer risk in both groups. These findings merit evaluation in Black women, including prospective studies.Item Reproductive factors and risk of breast cancer by tumor subtypes among Ghanaian women: A population-based case–control study(International Journal of Cancer, 2020-02-18) Clegg-Lamptey, J-N.; Figueroa, J.D.; Lynn, B.C.D.; Edusei, L.; Titiloye, N.; Adjei, E.; Yarney, J.; Wiafe-Addai, B.; Awuah, B.; Duggan, M.A.; Wiafe, S.; Nyarko, K.; Aitpillah, F.; Ansong, D.; Hewitt, S.M.; Ahearn, T.; Garcia-Closas, M.; Brinton, L.A.; Ghana Breast Health Study TeamHigher proportions of early-onset and estrogen receptor (ER) negative cancers are observed in women of African ancestry than in women of European ancestry. Differences in risk factor distributions and associations by age at diagnosis and ER status may explain this disparity. We analyzed data from 1,126 cases (aged 18–74 years) with invasive breast cancer and 2,106 controls recruited from a population-based case–control study in Ghana. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for menstrual and reproductive factors using polytomous logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Among controls, medians for age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, and breastfeeding/pregnancy were 15 years, 4 births, 20 years and 18 months, respectively. For women ≥50 years, parity and extended breastfeeding were associated with decreased risks: >5 births vs. nulliparous, OR 0.40 (95% CI 0.20–0.83) and 0.71 (95% CI 0.51–0.98) for ≥19 vs. <13 breastfeeding months/pregnancy, which did not differ by ER. In contrast, for earlier onset cases (<50 years) parity was associated with increased risk for ER-negative tumors (p-heterogeneity by ER = 0.02), which was offset by extended breastfeeding. Similar associations were observed by intrinsic-like subtypes. Less consistent relationships were observed with ages at menarche and first birth. Reproductive risk factor distributions are different from European populations but exhibited etiologic heterogeneity by age at diagnosis and ER status similar to other populations. Differences in reproductive patterns and subtype heterogeneity are consistent with racial disparities in subtype distributions.