Browsing by Author "Tettey, C.O."
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Item Anti-melanoma, tyrosinase inhibitory and anti-microbial activities of gold nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous leaf extracts of teraxacum officinale(International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2012) Tettey, C.O.; Nagajyothi, P.C.; Lee, S.E.; Ocloo, A.; Minh An, T.N.; Sreekanth, T.V.M.; Lee, K.D.There has been a tenacious search for pharmaceuticals of natural origin, as they are cost-effective and are noted for having little or no side effects. The rate at which diseases are developing resistance to synthetic drugs is quite alarming, and the side effects of these drugs remain an excruciating agony to the pharmaceutical industry. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have wide applications in current technology. However, their use in medicine has not been adequately explored. Chemical methods for the synthesis are associated with environmental benignity and tissue toxicity on in vivo administration. For the first time, we have synthesized AuNPs from leaf extracts of Teraxacum officinale that were found to have significant anti-melanoma, tyrosinase inhibitory and anti-microbial effects, and hence stand as promising candidates for use in cosmetics medical and food industries.Item Antioxidant activity of solvent fractions of taraxacum officinale (dandelion) leaves(Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 2014-05) Tettey, C.O.; Ocloo, A.; Nagajyothi, P.C.; Lee, K.D.Methanolic crude extract of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaves was fractionated in solvents and antioxidant activity evaluated. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions showed high antioxidant activities in all the assays. Methylene chloride and water fractions demonstrated moderate activity, whereas the hexane fraction had relatively lower activity. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Elemental minerals and microbial compositions as well as knowledge and perceptions regarding kaolin (clay) consumption by pregnant women in the Ho municipality of Ghana(Pan African Medical Journal (PAMJ), 2019-10-28) Koryo-Dabrah, A.; Kortei, N.K.; Annor, I.A.; Aboagye, G.; Manaphraim, N.Y.B.; Awude, E.; Essuman, E.K.; Alidu, H.W.; Tettey, C.O.; Awadzi, B.Introduction: kaolin is a type of clay consumed mostly by women especially pregnant women of which the act of clay eating is termed geophagy. Different people use this type of clay for diverse purposes. Notwithstanding, most Ghanaians consume this clay out of cravings, taste and smell. There have been some attendant problems with the consumption of clay especially by pregnant women. This research sought to assess the mineral and microbial contents of kaolin and address the perceptions of pregnant women on geophagy. Methods: this study employed a cross-sectional convenient sampling method to sample 217 pregnant women and sellers of clay (Ayilo). A face-to-face interview was conducted to administer a structured questionnaire to respondents. Mineral and microbial analyses were also conducted on the ore of the kaolin mined from Anfoega in the Volta Region of Ghana using standardized procedures. Results: results from this study suggests geophagy prevalence of 48.4% (n=217) among pregnant women in the Ho municipality of Ghana. Results obtained also suggest smell and taste of the clay, influenced the consumption by these pregnant women to a large extent. Strikingly, majority of the respondents had no knowledge on the adverse health implications clay consumption had on the human body. The physiological state of pregnancy also cause many to use it to treat nausea, other accompanying discomfort and in some instances to quench their hunger. Traces of Lead, Nickel and Arsenic were found in the clay. Common microorganisms ident ified were Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Mucor and Aspergillus spp. Conclusion: geophagy is a common practice among pregnant women living in the Ho municipality in the Volta region, Ghana. Most of them consumed it for varied reasons. Although there are beneficial minerals, accumulated effects of these heavy metals can lead to various complications in pregnancy. The clay also contained pathogenic microorganisms. These pathogens have a whole range of deleterious effects on the human body ranging from gastrointestinal infections to cancer and so may not be safe to consume clay products from Anfoega, Ghana.Item Household Food Security Determinants And Nutritional Status Of Inhabitants Of A Peri-Urban Community: A Case Study In The Volta Region Of Ghana(African Scholarly Science Communications Trust (ASSCAT), 2022-07) Kortei, N.K.; Koryo-Dabrah, N.K.; Esua-Amoafo, P.; Yarfi, C.; Nyasordzi, J.; Essuman, E.K.; Tettey, C.O.; Nartey, E.B.; Awude, E.; Akonor, P.T.Food shortages and malnutrition widely persist and continue to be rural peculiarities across the sub-region. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a peri-urban community of Dzodze in the Volta region to ascertain the level of food security as well as the nutritional status of the inhabitants using a random sampling technique. This community-based comparative cross-sectional study conducted from May to July 2018 adopted a multistage random sampling and selected 105 households. Sociodemographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Chi-square, Cramer’s-V, and Pearson’s correlations models were used to assess the association of socio-demographic, anthropometric and food frequency data while the Logit model, FSI, HCR were used to measure food security. Over half of the sample (59.6%) were in the normal range of BMI which implied good nutritional status. Remarkably, a majority of those in this normal BMI range 81 (77%) were female. Women aged 41years and above constituted a large portion of study participants (54.3%) of which many 43 (41%) were married. Just 4.8% of this group said they were both separated and cohabited with their partners non-customarily. Data on the frequency of food intake by the community revealed that, a majority of 63.4% of the respondents ate three times a day. Most of the people (77.2%, 68.7%, and 86.9%) ate breakfast, lunch, and supper, respectively, daily over a week. The fallouts from the work showed majority (71.5%) of the respondents were food secure and the remaining (about 28.5%) were food insecure. Factors such as age, gender, educational level, household size, and age were found to be significant predictors that influenced food security of the peri-urban community according to the logit model used. The smallholder households according to the computed food security index of 1.13 and normal range of BMI were identified to be indices of food security.Item An in vitro analysis of antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of solvent fractions of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) leaf(Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2014-04) Tettey, C.O.; Ocloo, A.; Nagajyothi, P.C.N.; Lee, K.D.The persistent upsurge in multidrug resistance of common pathogens and global increase in the incidence of noninfectious diseases such as cancers and diabetes has led to an urgent need for the discovery of novel and affordable pharmaceuticals. Taraxacum officinale commonly called dandelion has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various conditions. Although the antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties of various crude extracts of T. officinale have been reported, there is little report on the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of its solvent fractions. In this study, various solvent fractions from the crude methanolic extract of T. officinale leaves were examined for their antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities with the aim of providing a baseline data for the discovery of the antiproliferative and antimicrobial phytocompounds in T. officinale leaves. Whereas, methylene chloride fraction showed the highest antiproferative activity, inhibiting 97 % proliferation of SGT oral cancer cells the butanol fraction showed the highest antimicrobial activity in both disc diffusion and broth dilution assays. Therefore the methylene chloride and the butanolic fractions could respectively act as leads for the discovery of important anticancer and antimicrobial phytocompounds from T. officinale. © 2014 C.O. Tettey et al.Item Vasorelaxant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Methylene Chloride Fraction of Foeniculum vulgare Fruit Extract(Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2015-02) Tettey, C.O.; Yang, I.; Ocloo, A.; Shin, H.M.This study investigated the vasorelaxant and anti-inflammatory activities of the methylene chloride fraction of crude methanolic Foeniculum vulgare fruit extract (FV). The vasorelaxant activity was examined on isolated rat aortic ring preparations precontracted with phenylephrine where as the anti-inflammatory activity was examined in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. FV attenuated the vasoconstriction of precontracted aortic strips in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was found to be endothelium-dependent and through the nitric oxide (NO)-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate pathway. In the anti-inflammatory assays, FV reduced NO release by inhibiting inducible NO synthase protein and mRNA and also suppressed cyclooxygenase-2 expression. It decreased the lipopolysaccharide-induced secretions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and significantly reduced the phosphorylation of c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 (ERK1/2). Our results demonstrate that the methylene chloride fraction of the crude methanolic FV possesses potent vasorelaxant and anti-inflammatory activities.Practical ApplicationsFoeniculum vulgare mill is used traditionally for treatment of a good number of diseases. This study revealed that the methylene chloride fraction of the extract possesses significant vasorelaxant activity and also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, it stands as a promising candidate for further studies in the synthesis of vasorelaxant and anti-inflammatory drugs after identification of biomarkers.