Browsing by Author "Tegbe, R.E."
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Item Enhancing soil productivity in the rain-fed upland ecology through rotational cropping of NERICA (new rice for Africa) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)(International Research Journal, 2012) Nyalemegbe, K.K.; Yangyuoru, M.; Osei-Asare, Y.; Ofosu-Budu, G.K.; Mellon, S.; Tegbe, R.E.The NERICA 1 rice variety was grown in rotation with indeterminate cowpea (Adidome mottled), in the Hohoe and Kwaebibirem Districts of Ghana, from 2007-2010, in a randomised complete block experiment, with three replications. Soil and cowpea samples were analysed for nitrogen (N) and organic carbon (OC) contents. Socioeconomic surveys were also conducted before and after the agronomic experiments. The treatments included: Cowpea + P2O5 + K2O (T1), Cowpea only (T2), Cowpea plus 50 % recommended inorganic N fertilizer, using sulphate of ammonia + P2O5 + K2O (T3), Recommended N, i.e. 90 kg N ha-1 + P2O5 + K2O (T4), 75 % N + P2O5 + K2O (T5), 50 % N + P2O5 + K2O (T6), 25 % N + P2O5 + K2O (T7) and no fertilization, control (T8). The P2O5 and K2O fertilizers (triple super phosphate and potassium sulphate, respectively) were applied basally, at rates of 45 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 35 kg K2O ha-1. At Likpe Todome, total N of cowpea residue was 46.2 kg ha-1. Soil OC under cowpea residue was higher than the control (2.0 % and 1.7 %, respectively); soil bulk density (BD) was lower under cowpea residue than the control (1.2 and 1.4 kg m-3, respectively). Grain yields of rice in the cowpea residue treatments were not significantly different from that of the recommended inorganic N, but they all had higher yields than the control. Grain yields were 3.0, 2.9 and 2.6 t ha-1, in treatments T3, T4 and the control, respectively. At Kukubi, total N of cowpea residue was 75.0 kg N ha-1. Soil OC in the 0-15 cm horizon of the plots with cowpea residue was 1.2 %, compared with 1.1 % in the control. Grain yields in T3 and T4 did not differ significantly from each other, but were both higher than in the control. Grain yields were 1.8, 1.4 and 0.3 t ha-1 in T3, T4 and the control, respectively. Soil OC, and the tillering, TDW and grain yield of rice were higher at Likpe Todome than at Kukubi. The net benefit (financial) of treatment 2 was the highest, followed by treatment 1; treatment 4 had the lowest net benefit the dams are equipped with appropriately designed fish passages.Item On-farm evaluation of homemade pepper extract in the management of pests of cabbage, Brassica oleraceae L., and French beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., in two agro-ecological zones in Ghana(African Entomology, 2014-09) Fening, K.O.; Adama, I.; Tegbe, R.E.Cabbage, Brassica oleraceae L., and French beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., are important vegetables grown in Ghana. However, attack by insect pests affects their quality and marketable yield. On-farm experiment was undertaken during the major rainy season of 2012 at Afari and Kpong, in the moist Semi Deciduous Forest and Coastal Savanna agro-ecological zones of Ghana, respectively, to explore the use of homemade extracts from fruit of hot pepper, Capsicum frutescens L. in the management of insect pests of cabbage and French beans. The treatments included a crude water extract from pepper fruit (20 g/l w/v), the semi-synthetic insecticide emamectin benzoate, ATTACKĀ® (1 ml/l v/v) and tap water as a control. The dominant pests found on cabbage at both locations were the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) and the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). On French beans, the flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), the whitefly, B. tabaci and a range of leafhoppers, Empoasca spp. were found at both locations. The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch) was present only at Kpong. Among the natural enemies found on cabbage at both locations were the larval parasitoid, Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov), the ladybird beetles, Cheilomenes spp., hoverflies and a number of spiders. On French beans, ladybirds and spiders were observed only at Kpong. Generally, the application of pepper and emamectin benzoate were effective in controlling some pests of cabbage and French beans and also conserved the natural enemies. Emamectin benzoate and pepper treated-plots had higher yields of French beans than the control plots at Afari. The potential of homemade pepper spray for pest management on smallholder farms, backyard gardens and in organic vegetable production systems is discussed.