Browsing by Author "Sackey, J."
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Item Assessing Social Capital for Organizational Performance: Initial Exploratory Insights from Ghana(Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, 2010) Ofori, D.F.; Sackey, J.Social capital is a concept that describes good quality social relations that can lead to mutual benefit. The fundamental proposition of social capital theory is that networks of relationships great access to resources, especially information benefits not available to non-members of the network. This study, assessed the functions of social capital within Ghanaian organizations, described the patterns and determinants of social capital sue within organizations and explored how social capital contributes to form performance using a sample frame of forms listed in the Ghana Club 100. Questionnaire field survey supplemented by personal interviews was chosen as the most appropriate design for this investigation. Employees were sampled across the organizational hierarchy based on their responsibilities held, positions type of relationship held with others within the organization. Data was also collected on the demographic characteristics and organizational dynamics. The results shows that social capital is critical to knowledge sharing in the Ghanaian organizational dynamics. The result showed that social capital is critical to knowledge sharing in the Ghanaian organization; that it helps to get thing done and helps in the attainment of organizational objectives. The findings also suggested that three determinate variables of social capital; reciprocity, trust and institutional ties, have the most significant positive relationship with organizational performance. In view of that, the study recommends that firms take a proactive approach towards promoting, building and maintaining viable social networks within their structures in order to derive maximum benefit from it.Item Food security and dietary diversity are associated with health related quality of life after 6 months of follow up among people living with HIV in Accra, Ghana(AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 2018-07) Sackey, J.; Zhang, F.F.; Rogers, B.; Aryeetey, R.; Wanke, C.With the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV (PLWH) are surviving longer and improving their health related quality of life (HRQol) has become an important long-term HIV treatment and management indicator. HRQol has been associated with various factors, including food insecurity (FI). The objective of this prospective study was to examine the association between FI and dietary diversity (HDDS) and HRQol among PLWH in Accra, Ghana. We recruited 152 PLWH from the HIV clinics of six district hospitals Accra, Ghana and utilized a prospective cohort study design with data collection at baseline, three and six months after recruitment for this study. Participants completed questionnaires measuring HRQol, FI and HDDS. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the associations between FI and HRQol as well as HDDS and HRQol separately and then together. Being food secure [0.035 (95% CI = 0.005, 0.065)] and having a high dietary diversity score [0.029 (95% CI = 0.004, 0.053)] were independently associated with an improvement in quality of life scores over time after adjusting for other covariates and each other. Interventions to improve dietary diversity and food security among PLWH have the potential to improve nutritional status as well as HRQol.Item Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on the Water Quality of Songor Lagoon, Ada, Greater Accra Region(University of Ghana, 2014-06) Sackey, J.; Adotey, D.; Dampare, S.Wetlands are vital ecosystems with important social, economic and environmental functions. The Ada Songor lagoon (located in the Dangbe East district, Greater Accra Region), is an internationally designated wetland (Ramsar site). Intense anthropogenic activities have impacted negatively on the quality of water and sediment in the lagoon. The study assessed the extent of heavy metal, pesticide residues and nutrients contamination of surface water and sediment in the Ada Songor Lagoon. The objective of the study was achieved through the determination of physico-chemical parameters [pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, turbidity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness)]; the nutrients load (SO42-, PO43-, NO3-) using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry; major ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, HCO3-); trace metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Co, Zn, Cu, As and Hg) using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS); and, pesticides residues [organochlorines (OC’s), and synthetic pyrethroids by gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and organophosphorus (OP’s) by gas chromatography-pulse flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD)]. Na and K contents were determined by Flame Emission Photometry. The water temperature (25.7 to 26.6 oC), fall in the range of 25 to 30 oC suitable for sustainability fish and aquatic organisms. The pH range (8.18 to 9.70) which is typical of coastal waters in Ghana is ideal for aquatic organisms. The TDS range (591 to 1,046 mg/L) is not ideal for water birds spawning since it make it harder for them to find food. BOD ranges from 1.19 to 5.35 mg/L. The pattern of ionic dominance in the lagoon during the present study was K+ > Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+. The cationic dominance pattern wasItem Working with or against the system: Ethical dilemmas for entrepreneurship in Ghana(Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 2013) Sackey, J.; Fältholm, Y.; Ylinenpää, H.The aim of this paper is to address entrepreneurship and ethics from the perspective of the Ghanaian entrepreneur in small and medium-size enterprises to extend our understanding of issues influencing entrepreneurial behavior in developing economies such as Ghana. Our study specifically addresses three typical situations in which business ethics are challenged: (1) When applying for business information and permits, (2) When competing for business contracts and financing and (3) When dealing with tax authorities. Relying on in-depth case-study data from 22 entrepreneurs, the paper conceptualizes entrepreneurial behavior related to business ethics and identifies several important challenges to overcome to enable economies to build a more effective market economy. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.