Browsing by Author "Ofori-Adjei, D.et.al"
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Item Aflatoxin–albumin adducts and correlation with decreased serum levels of vitamins A and E in an adult ghanaian population(Food Additives and Contaminants - Part A Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure and Risk Assessment, 2009-01) Tang, L.; Xu, L.; Afriyie-Gyawu, E.; Liu, W.; Wang, P.; Tang, Y.; Wang, Z.; Ankrah, N.A.; Huebner, H.J.; Ofori-Adjei, D.et.alA study of aflatoxin (AF) exposure and the levels of vitamins A and E was carried out with a group of 507 Ghanaian participants. AFB1–albumin adducts (AFB-AA) were measured by radioimmunoassay and vitamins A and E were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The average level of serum AFB-AA was 0.94 ± 0.64 (range = 0.1–4.44) pmol mg−1 albumin. Mean levels of vitamins A and E were 1.32 ± 0.48 (range = 0.41–4.85) µmol l−1 and 15.68 ± 4.12 (range = 6.35–30.40) µmol l−1, respectively. A significantly negative correlation was found between serum AFB-AA and vitamin A levels (r = −0.110, p = 0.013). An even stronger, significant negative, correlation was found between serum AFB-AA and vitamin E levels (r = −0.149, p < 0.001). Serum AFB-AA levels were statistically higher (median = 0.985 pmol mg−1 albumin) in subjects who had low levels of both vitamins A and E as compared with the levels (median = 0.741 pmol mg−1 albumin) subjects who had high vitamins A and E levels (p trend = 0.001). To verify these findings, blood samples were again collected from 165 of the 507 people 3 months after the initial collection. Significantly negative correlations were confirmed between levels of serum AFB-AA and both vitamins A (r = −0.232, p = 0.003) and E (r = −0.178, p = 0.023). Again, high serum AFB-AA concentrations (median = 1.578 pmol mg−1 albumin) were found in subjects with low levels of vitamins A and E compared with the concentrations (median = 1.381 pmol mg−1 albumin) in subjects with high levels of vitamins A and E (p trend = 0.002). These data show that AF exposure was associated with decreased levels of serum vitamins A and E in high-risk human populations, which may significantly influence the incidence of AF-related adverse health effects. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item The selection and use of essential medicines(World Health Organization - Technical Report Series, 2003) De Buschiazzo, P.M.; Helali, A.; Laing, R.; Laporte, J.R.; Ofori-Adjei, D.et.alThis report presents the recommendations of the WHO Expert Committee responsible for updating the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. The first part contains a summary of the Committee's considerations and justifications for additions and changes to the Model List, including its recommendations. Annexes to the main report include the revised version of the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (the 15th) and a list of all items on the Model List sorted according to their 5-level Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification codes. Other annexes cover the proposed procedure for updating and disseminating the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, and the revised procedure for updating the content of the Interagency Emergency Health Kit.