Browsing by Author "Nyarko, E.N.Y."
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Item Assessment of the performance of haematological and non-invasive fbrotic indices for the monitoring of chronic HBV infection: a pilot study in a Ghanaian populatio(Research Notes, 2023) Nyarko, E.N.Y.; Obirikorang, C.; Owiredu, W. K. B. A.; Adu, E.A.; Acheampong, E.Objective Haematological and liver fbrotic markers could be appreciably utilized for efective monitoring of Chronic Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection, thereby increasing patient’s treatment outcome. The objective of this study was to assess the applicability of complete blood count (CBC) and non-invasive liver-fbrotic indices as markers of prognostic outcome and monitoring in HBV infections. Results Signifcant diferences in levels of white cell and diferentials counts, red blood cell count, hemoglobin indices, and platelet indices were observed between HBV-infected patients (cases) and uninfected persons (controls). Levels of haemoglobin (Hb), total white blood cells (tWBC), neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, and Platelet Distribution width (PDW) were signifcantly lower (p<0.05) in the cases compared to the controls. Total and indirect bilirubin; De Ritis ratio, Aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI) and RDW-to-platelet ratio (RPR) were elevated in cases compared with controls (p-value<0.05). In a multivariate adjusted model to test the signifcance of markers, Hemo globin Index (beta coefcient=− 0.876, p-value<0.001), NLR (beta coefcient=− 0.839, p-value<0.001), MPV_10000 (beta coefcient=− 0.333, p-value<0.001) and Albumin (beta coefcient=− 0.059, p-value=0.014), were associated with HBV infection status. Receiver operative characteristics curve analysis showed Hemoglobin Index (AUC=0.744) and MPV_10000 (AUC=0.730) as better prognostic markers for HBV-infection.Item Serum leptin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertensive heart disease: An observational cross‐sectional study(Health Science Reports, 2023) Ofori, E.K.; Adekena, C.N.; Boima, V.; Asare‐Anane, H.; Yorke, E.; Nyarko, E.N.Y.; Mohammed, B.N.; Quansah, E.; Jayasinghe, S.U.; Amanquah, S.D.Background and Aim: Adipocytes secrete a peptide hormone called leptin, which plays a crucial role in controlling appetite and energy expenditure. Alterations in leptin concentrations are associated with CKD‐related cardiovascular problems such as hypertensive heart disease (HHD). Despite the link, data on the precise function of leptin in people with CKD and HHD is scant. Methods: An observational cross‐sectional study involving a total of 108 participants (72 CKD patients with HHD and 36 healthy controls). Their demographic and anthropometric information was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Certain clinical measures such as blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for levels of plasma glucose (FPG), lipids, creatinine, and leptin. Data were analyzed with SPSS v23. Results: Leptin, FPG, creatinine and triglyceride levels were all significantly higher in CKD patients with HHD compared to controls (p < 0.01 for all). Furthermore, advanced CKD status (being in stage 5), having a 6‐year diagnosis of HHD, being female, having a higher BMI, and elevation in levels of HDL and FPG contributed significantly to the variance in serum leptin levels in the case group (β = 0.37, 0.22, 0.19, 0.18, 0.27, 0.28; p < 0.05 for all). In the control group, the female gender had the biggest unique effect on circulating leptin levels, followed by BMI and eGFR (β = 0.71, 0.34, −0.22; p < 0.01 for all). Conclusion: Patients with CKD who also had HHD reported considerably higher circulating leptin levels. Significantly higher blood leptin levels were shown to be associated with CKD stage 5 in the case group. These results are consistent with the role of leptin in the metabolic complexity seen in CKD patients. There needs to be more research into treatments that aim to lower leptin levels in CKD patients with HHD.Item Sociodemographic and medical characteristics of liver cirrhosis deaths in a Ghana ian tertiary hospital(Ghana Medical Journal, 2022) Agbozo, W.K.; Dzudzor, B.; Nyarko, E.N.Y.; Lartey-Abrahams, K.; Mensah, R.N.A.; Tachi, K.Objective: Cirrhosis is common in Ghana because of its high risk factors prevalence. However, information on cirrhosis in Ghana is lacking. This study aimed to study the clinical, and laboratory characteristics of cirrhotic patients in a tertiary hospital in Ghana. Design: This was a retrospective study of sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms and signs, biochemical and fibrotic indices, treatments, and complications data of 247 patients with cirrhosis who died on admission. Setting: This study was carried out at the Gastroenterology Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana, Results: Two-thirds (68.0%) of the patients were within 30 to 60 years, with more than half (73.7%) being males. The most common aetiological factors among the patients were Hepatitis B virus infection (53.8%), alcohol use (31.6%) and Hepatitis C virus infection (4.9%). More than half (55.0%) of the patients reported late for admission, and 67.2% died within the first two weeks of admission. The most common clinical feature was abdominal distension (61.1% of patients), and the least was upper-abdominal mass (14.2%). The levels of most liver test parameters were elevated, fibrotic indices were high, and haemoglobin and albumin levels were reduced. More than half (53.8%) of the patients were in Child Pugh class B. The most common complication was hepatic encephalopathy; the least was hepato-renal syndrome. Definite treatment for complications of cirrhosis was lacking. Conclusion: Deaths from cirrhosis at the hospital were mostly of young males with chronic hepatitis B infection. Implementation of hepatitis B prevention and treatment guidelines can help reduce cirrhosis deaths.