Browsing by Author "Mensah, I.A."
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Item Inclusive growth and the sophisticated influence of carbon emissions, renewable energy, and financial development: An introspective analysis of Africa(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-07) Nketia, E.B.; Kong, Y.; Mensah, I.A.; Ampon-Wireko, S.; Anfom, K.This study investigates how inclusive growth is affected by carbon emission, renewable energy, and the new financial development index using 48 African countries categorized into low-income countries (LIC) and middle-income countries (MIC) spanning from 2000 to 2018. Bearing in mind the presence of residual cross-sectional reliance and heterogeneity in a panel data settings, the study employed robust estimations econometric approaches which includes the Augmented Mean group (AMG), Driscoll-Kraay (DK) standard errors method together with the Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) technique. The study’s outcomes from the mentioned approaches showed that; carbon emission positively affects inclusive growth in aggregate African panel, and LIC but not in MIC panels correspondingly. Furthermore, renewable energy significantly mitigates inclusive growth in LIC group African nations, but not significant in Africa as a whole or in MIC country grouping. Financial development is homogeneously positive and significant, with inclusive growth across all panels of African economies. The outlined outcomes were also confirmed by the Generalized Method of Moments (System-GMM). Based on the outlined study preferably suggest that carbon emission in LIC must be focused on attracting investments with low carbon footprints. On renewable energy, it is further recommended that both LIC and MIC should sticks to the African Renewable Energy Initiative.Item Prevalence, Causes, and Factors Associated with Visual ImpairmentandBlindnessamongRegistered Pensioners inGhana(Journal of Ophthalmology, 2019-10-07) Nuertey, B.D.; Amissah-Arthur, K.N.; Addai, J.; Adongo, V.; Nuertey, A.D.; Kabutey, C.; Mensah, I.A.; Biritwum, R.B.Purpose. To determine the prevalence, causes, and factors associated with presenting visual impairment and blindness among pensioners. Design. A nationwide cross-sectional study. *is study was part of the analysis on data obtained in the pensioners’ medical survey conducted among members of the National Pensioners Association in Ghana. Method. (i) Setting: it was a multicenter study involving thirteen centers throughout Ghana with a center in each regional capital. (ii) Study population: the study involved 4813 pensioners. (iii) Observation procedures: data were captured through the use of questionnaires, physical examinations including eye examinations, and urine and blood sample analysis. (iv) Main outcome measure: presenting visual impairment and blindness (as defined by the WHO ICD-10 classification). Results. *e overall prevalence of blindness among pensioners in Ghana was 3.8% (95% CI � 3.2–4.4), while the prevalence of moderate and severe visual impairment was 21.7% (95% CI � 20.5–23.0). *e prevalence of blindness was lowest in the 60–65-year-old age group (2.1% (95% CI � 1.3–2.8)) and highest in the above 80-year-old age group (12.2% (95% CI � 6.6–17.8)). Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (62.4%) and moderate and severe visual impairment (55.7%). Factors significantly associated with blindness and visual impairment include educational status, vegetarianism, arthritis, and having proteins in urine. Conclusion. *ere is a high prevalence of visual impairment and blindness among the pensioners in Ghana. Sadly, the greatest cause was cataract, which is correctable. Increase in formal education status will be important in the prevention of blindness and visual impairment.