Browsing by Author "Kulu, E."
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Item Government health expenditure and child health: empirical evidence from Wes(International Journal of Social Economics, 2023) Osei, B.; Kulu, E.; Appiah-Konadu, P.Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of government health expenditure on the health of children (under-five mortality rate and prevalence rate of stunting) among West African countries. Design/methodology/approach –The study utilizes heterogeneous panel from the period 1990 to 2018 among 16 West African countries for the analysis. The effect of government health expenditure on under-five mortality rate is measured in per 1,000 live births while that of stunting is measured in percentage. The study employs Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation technique and Impulse Response Functions (IRFs) for the analysis. Findings – The results indicate that government health expenditure has negative effect on under-five mortality rate and prevalence rate of stunting in the long-run but not significant in the short-run. In addition, the IRFs result indicates that under-five mortality rate and prevalence rate of stunting both respond negatively to shocks in government health expenditure. Practical implications – Governments should ensure that inefficiencies in the public health sector are reduced by licensing the health workers of this sector and allowing independent bodies to appoint the heads of health institutions. This will improve the delivering of health services for the health of children. Originality/value – Previous studies carried out have not examined the short-run and long-run effects of the relationship under study among West African countriesItem Sustainability of renewable energy production: empirical evidence from developing and middle-income countries(International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 2023) Osei, B.O.; Fiagbe, A.K; Kulu, E.Purpose – This study aims to examine the appropriate measures needed toward achieving sustainability of renewable energy production among developing and middle-income countries. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses semi-annual panel data covering the period 2000– 2020 among 152 developing and middle-income countries and Cox proportional hazard model for the analysis. Findings – Estimates indicate that effective operations of environmental institutions, investment in research and development, subsidizing the production of renewable energy, government investment in producing renewable energy and investment in renewable energy production made by the private sector will contribute immensely toward achieving sustainability of renewable energy production. Practical implications – This study recommends that governments should rationalize their expenditures to mobilize enough resources for investment in renewable energy production. Again, operations of environmental institutions should be enhanced through giving their managers’ performance contracts and licensing its employees. Enabling environment should be created for private sector to increase their investment in renewable energy production. Originality/value – Empirical studies have been carried out exploring measures to deal with climate change. Nonetheless, the appropriate measures needed toward achieving sustainability of renewable energy production among developing and middle-income countries have not been explored in existing empirical studies. Hence, this study fills the gap in existing empirical studies.